---
title: heaving — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «heaving» in the school dictionary: Pulling, pushing or lifting something heavy with a lot of effort. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# heaving

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Rising, shop, Heaving, beach, sailors, heaving waves · **What happens:** pull, push, lift, rise, fall, heave · **To what, where:** something, waves, shoulders, deep sigh, ropes, little boat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«heaving» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [heaving in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/heaving.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pulling, pushing or lifting something heavy with a lot of effort.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:m1:1
# text = Pulling, pushing or lifting something heavy with a lot of effort.
1	Pulling	pull	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **push** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lift** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  | with a lot of effort | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rising and falling strongly: heaving waves, heaving shoulders when crying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:m2:1
# text = Rising and falling strongly: heaving waves, heaving shoulders when crying.
1	Rising	rise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
4	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
10	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
12	crying	cry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fall** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | strongly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **heave** | gerund | Rising | waves |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Theme |
| 4 | **heave** | gerund | Rising *not said here* | shoulders |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoulder=Theme |
| 5 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund | Rising *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trying to vomit, retching.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:m3:1
# text = Trying to vomit, retching.
1	Trying	try	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	vomit	vomit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	retching	retch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **try** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **vomit** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **retch** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very crowded: the shop was heaving.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:m4:1
# text = Very crowded: the shop was heaving.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	crowded	crowded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past · progressive | the shop |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heaving can also mean breathing out a deep sigh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:m5:1
# text = Heaving can also mean breathing out a deep sigh.
1	Heaving	heaving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	breathing	breathe	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Heaving |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **breathe out** *not said to happen* | gerund | Heaving *not said here* | a deep sigh |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The beach was heaving with people on the hot day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x1:1
# text = The beach was heaving with people on the hot day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past · progressive | the beach |  |  |  |  | with people on the hot day | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sailors were heaving on the ropes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x2:1
# text = The sailors were heaving on the ropes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ropes	rope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past · progressive | the sailors |  |  | the ropes |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The heaving waves rocked the little boat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x3:1
# text = The heaving waves rocked the little boat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	heaving	heaving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rocked	rock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rock** | past | the heaving waves | the little boat |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location boat=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her shoulders were heaving as she cried.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x4:1
# text = Her shoulders were heaving as she cried.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past · progressive | Her shoulders |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was heaving over the bucket after the boat trip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x5:1
# text = He was heaving over the bucket after the boat trip.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past · progressive | He |  |  | the bucket | after the boat trip |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heaving a sigh, Mum picked up the toys again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x6:1
# text = Heaving a sigh, Mum picked up the toys again.
1	Heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	picked	pick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	toys	toy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
10	again	again	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | gerund |  | a sigh |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme |
| 2 | **pick up** | past | Mum | the toys |  |  | again |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toy=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pub garden was heaving after the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x7:1
# text = The pub garden was heaving after the match.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pub	pub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heave** | past · progressive | the pub garden |  |  |  | after the match |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Show me your hand," said the Prince trembling, and heaving a deep sigh.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heaving:x8:1
# text = "Show me your hand," said the Prince trembling, and heaving a deep sigh.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Prince	Prince	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	trembling	trembling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	heaving	heave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your hand | the Prince trembling *= trembling* |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient hand=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Prince trembling |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **heave** | gerund | the Prince trembling *not said here* | a deep sigh |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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