---
title: heed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «heed» in the school dictionary: To heed advice or a warning is to pay attention to it and do what it says. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# heed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** warning, Heed, sailors, you, your, ice · **What happens:** heed, be, do, say, mean, take · **To what, where:** advice, attention, heed, storm warning, work, wolf · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«heed» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [heed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/heed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To heed advice or a warning is to pay attention to it and do what it says.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:m1:1
# text = To heed advice or a warning is to pay attention to it and do what it says.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	heed	heed	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
10	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
15	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	obj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heed** | to-infinitive |  | advice |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | a warning |  | attention |  |  | pay *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | infinitive | a warning *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | warning |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heed (noun) means attention: «take heed», «pay no heed».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:m2:1
# text = Heed (noun) means attention: «take heed», «pay no heed».
1	Heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	attention	attention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
15	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	16	det	_	_
16	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Heed | attention |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | heed |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Theme |
| 3 | **pay** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | no heed |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sailors did not heed the storm warning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:x1:1
# text = The sailors did not heed the storm warning.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	heed	heed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **heed** | past · do-support | the sailors | the storm warning |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warning=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heed your teacher's advice and check your work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:x2:1
# text = Heed your teacher's advice and check your work.
1	Heed	heed	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	check	check	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heed** | imperative | you *not said here* | your teacher's advice |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme |
| 2 | **check** | infinitive | you *not said here* | your work |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Theme |
| 3 | **work** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take heed: the ice is thin!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:x3:1
# text = Take heed: the ice is thin!
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | heed |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the ice |  |  |  |  | thin *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boy who cried wolf found that no one heeded him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:x4:1
# text = The boy who cried wolf found that no one heeded him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	heeded	heed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | the boy | wolf |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Topic |
| 2 | **find** | past | the boy |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **heed** | past | no one | boy |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She paid no heed to the rude comments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:x5:1
# text = She paid no heed to the rude comments.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	comments	comment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past | She | no heed |  |  |  | to the rude comments | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Asset |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heed the signs and keep away from the cliff edge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:x6:1
# text = Heed the signs and keep away from the cliff edge.
1	Heed	heed	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heed** | imperative | you *not said here* | the signs |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Theme |
| 2 | **keep away** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  | the cliff edge |  | away *property* | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from edge=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'You did not heed my words,' he said gravely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:heed:x7:1
# text = 'You did not heed my words,' he said gravely.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	heed	heed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	ccomp	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	gravely	gravely	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **heed** | past · do-support | You | my words |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  | gravely *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **word** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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