---
title: herd — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «herd» in the school dictionary: A herd is a large group of animals of one kind that live and move together, like cows, deer, elephants or horses. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# herd

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** herd, one kind, ordinary people, farmer, Zebras, dog · **What happens:** be, live, move together, herd, mean, move · **To what, where:** large group, animals, ordinary people, same thing, cows, herds · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«herd» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [herd in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/herd.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A herd is a large group of animals of one kind that live and move together, like cows, deer, elephants or horses.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:m1:1
# text = A herd is a large group of animals of one kind that live and move together, like cows, deer, elephants or horses.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	together	together	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a herd | a large group |  |  |  | of animals of one kind | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | one kind |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **move together** | present | one kind *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like cows and deer and elephants or horses; together *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To herd animals or people means to move them together as a group.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:m2:1
# text = To herd animals or people means to move them together as a group.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	herd	herd	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **herd** | to-infinitive |  | animals or people |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent animal=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **move** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | animals *= animal* |  |  |  | as a group; together *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«The herd» can mean ordinary people who all do the same thing.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:m3:1
# text = «The herd» can mean ordinary people who all do the same thing.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nsubj	_	_
11	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | the herd | ordinary people |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | present | ordinary people | the same thing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A herd of elephants walked to the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x1:1
# text = A herd of elephants walked to the river.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	elephants	elephant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | a herd of elephants |  |  |  |  | to the river *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to river=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farmer herded the cows into the barn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x2:1
# text = The farmer herded the cows into the barn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	herded	herd	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **herd** | past | the farmer | the cows |  |  |  | into the barn | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient into barn=Co-Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Zebras stay in herds to keep safe from lions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x3:1
# text = Zebras stay in herds to keep safe from lions.
1	Zebras	zebra	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	herds	herd	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | present | Zebras |  |  | herds |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in herd=Location |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Zebras *not said here* |  |  |  |  | from lions; safe *property* | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer from lion=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog herded the sheep into the pen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x4:1
# text = The dog herded the sheep into the pen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	herded	herd	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **herd** | past | the dog | the sheep |  |  |  | into the pen | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent sheep=Patient into pen=Co-Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our teacher herded us back to the classroom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x5:1
# text = Our teacher herded us back to the classroom.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	herded	herd	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	classroom	classroom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **herd back** | past | Our teacher | us |  |  |  | to the classroom | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent we=Patient to classroom=Co-Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't just follow the herd — think for yourself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x6:1
# text = Don't just follow the herd — think for yourself.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	just	just	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	follow	follow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	think	think	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **follow** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the herd |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herd=Theme |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for yourself | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A herd of deer ran across the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x7:1
# text = A herd of deer ran across the road.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	across	across	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | a herd of deer |  |  | the road |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across road=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vaccines help build herd immunity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x8:1
# text = Vaccines help build herd immunity.
1	Vaccines	vaccine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Vaccines |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **build** | infinitive | Vaccines *not said here* | herd immunity |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset immunity=Product |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Help me to herd them, Akela.”

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:herd:x9:1
# text = Help me to herd them, Akela.”
1	Help	help	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	herd	herd	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Akela	Akela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **herd** | to-infinitive | me *not said here* | them *= they* |  |  |  | Akela *obl* | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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