---
title: highland — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «highland» in the school dictionary: Highland is land that is high up, with hills and mountains. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# highland

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** that, Highlands, highland, We, Highland cows, man · **What happens:** be, mean, do, go, have, toss · **To what, where:** Highland land, mountainous north, Scottish Highlands, holiday, shaggy hair, huge log · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«highland» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [highland in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/highland.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Highland is land that is high up, with hills and mountains.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:m1:1
# text = Highland is land that is high up, with hills and mountains.
1	Highland	Highland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	hills	hill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Highland land and hills and mountains |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | high *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Highlands are the mountainous north and west part of Scotland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:m2:1
# text = The Highlands are the mountainous north and west part of Scotland.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Highlands	Highland	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	mountainous	mountainous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	west	west	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Highlands | the mountainous north and part of Scotland |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective, highland means from or to do with high land, especially the Scottish Highlands.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:m3:1
# text = As an adjective, highland means from or to do with high land, especially the Scottish Highlands.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	highland	highland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Scottish	Scottish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	Highlands	Highland	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | highland |  |  |  |  | as a adjective | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | the Scottish Highlands |  |  |  | with high land | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent highland=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went on holiday to the Scottish Highlands.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:x1:1
# text = We went on holiday to the Scottish Highlands.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Scottish	Scottish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Highlands	Highland	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  | holiday |  | to the Scottish Highlands | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to highland=Initial\_Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Highland cows have long shaggy hair and big horns.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:x2:1
# text = Highland cows have long shaggy hair and big horns.
1	Highland	highland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
5	shaggy	shaggy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Highland cows | shaggy hair and big horns |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At the Highland games, a man tossed a huge log called a caber.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:x3:1
# text = At the Highland games, a man tossed a huge log called a caber.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Highland	Highland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	tossed	toss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	log	log	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	caber	caber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **toss** | past | a man | a huge log |  | the Highland games |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent log=Theme at game=Destination |
| 2 | **call** | participle | a huge log *not said here* | a caber |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent caber=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Highland dancing is done to bagpipe music.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:x4:1
# text = Highland dancing is done to bagpipe music.
1	Highland	highland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	dancing	dancing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	bagpipe	bagpipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · passive |  | Highland dancing |  |  |  | to bagpipe music | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Few people live in the highland areas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:x5:1
# text = Few people live in the highland areas.
1	Few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	highland	highland	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Few people |  |  | the highland areas |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in area=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The highlands of Kenya are good for growing tea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:x6:1
# text = The highlands of Kenya are good for growing tea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	highlands	highland	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Kenya	Kenya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the highlands of Kenya |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | gerund | the highlands of Kenya *not said here* | tea |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tea=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In one of the least intelligible of the West Highland tales, there is a scene which somewhat resembles the "lykewake" in this skazka.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:highland:x7:1
# text = In one of the least intelligible of the West Highland tales, there is a scene which somewhat resembles the "lykewake" in this skazka.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	intelligible	intelligible	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	West	West	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Highland	Highland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	scene	scene	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
18	somewhat	somewhat	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	resembles	resemble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	lykewake	lykewake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	obl	_	_
26	skazka	skazka	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	19	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a scene |  |  | there |  | in one of the least intelligible of the Highland tales | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in one=Location |
| 2 | **resemble** | present | a scene | the lykewake |  | this |  | somewhat *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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