---
title: hinge — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hinge» in the school dictionary: A hinge is a small metal joint that lets a door, gate, lid or window swing open and shut. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hinge

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hinge, small metal joint, lid, Everything, one, door · **What happens:** be, let, swing, hinge, mean, depend · **To what, where:** small metal joint, door, movable joint, body, jaw, oil · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hinge» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hinge in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hinge.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hinge is a small metal joint that lets a door, gate, lid or window swing open and shut.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:m1:1
# text = A hinge is a small metal joint that lets a door, gate, lid or window swing open and shut.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hinge	hinge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	joint	joint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	swing	swing	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
19	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hinge | a small metal joint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **let** | present | a small metal joint | a door and gate |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Theme |
| 3 | **swing** | present | lid or window |  |  |  |  | open *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As a verb, to hinge on something means to depend on it completely («Everything hinges on the weather»).

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:m2:1
# text = As a verb, to hinge on something means to depend on it completely («Everything hinges on the weather»).
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hinge	hinge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	depend	depend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
14	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	Everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	18	nsubj	_	_
18	hinges	hinge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hinge** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | on something | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on something=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | as a verb | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **depend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | on verb; completely *property* | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on it=Theme |
| 4 | **hinge** *in a quote* | present | Everything |  |  |  |  | on the weather | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on weather=Co-Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hinge can also be a movable joint in the body, such as the one that lets your jaw open and shut.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:m3:1
# text = A hinge can also be a movable joint in the body, such as the one that lets your jaw open and shut.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hinge	hinge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	movable	movable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	joint	joint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a hinge | a movable joint |  | the body |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **let** | present | the one | your jaw |  |  |  | open *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jaw=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The door squeaks because the hinge needs oil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x1:1
# text = The door squeaks because the hinge needs oil.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	squeaks	squeak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hinge	hinge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squeak** | present | the door |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **need** | present | the hinge | oil |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot oil=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mind your fingers near the hinges of the door.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x2:1
# text = Mind your fingers near the hinges of the door.
1	Mind	mind	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	near	near	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hinges	hinge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mind** | imperative | you *not said here* | your fingers |  | the hinges of the door |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The gate came off its hinges in the storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x3:1
# text = The gate came off its hinges in the storm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hinges	hinge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come off** | past | the gate | gate's hinges |  | the storm |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your elbow is a hinge joint; it bends only one way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x4:1
# text = Your elbow is a hinge joint; it bends only one way.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	elbow	elbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	hinge	hinge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	joint	joint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	bends	bend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Your elbow | a hinge joint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bend** | present | elbow | one way |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent joint=Material |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lid of the box is fixed with two small hinges.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x5:1
# text = The lid of the box is fixed with two small hinges.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lid	lid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	hinges	hinge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | present · passive |  | the lid of the box |  |  |  | with two small hinges | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient with hinge=Co-Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The match hinged on the last penalty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x6:1
# text = The match hinged on the last penalty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	hinged	hinge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hinge** | participle |  | the match *not said here* |  |  |  | on the last penalty | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on penalty=Co-Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whether we go to the beach hinges on the weather.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x7:1
# text = Whether we go to the beach hinges on the weather.
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	hinges	hinge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | we |  |  | the beach |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to beach=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **hinge** | present |  |  |  |  |  | on the weather | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle PP»: agent=Patient on weather=Co-Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My laptop's hinge is loose, so the screen wobbles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x8:1
# text = My laptop's hinge is loose, so the screen wobbles.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	laptop	laptop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	hinge	hinge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	screen	screen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	wobbles	wobble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My laptop's hinge |  |  |  |  | loose *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wobble** | present | the screen |  |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These tears ran slowly down his face and over the hinges of his jaw, and there they rusted.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hinge:x9:1
# text = These tears ran slowly down his face and over the hinges of his jaw, and there they rusted.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	tears	tear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hinges	hinge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	rusted	rust	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | this tears |  |  | his face and the hinges of his jaw |  | slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down face=Trajectory |
| 2 | **rust** | past | tears *= tear* |  |  | there |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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