---
title: hoary — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hoary» in the school dictionary: Grey or white-haired, as an old person is. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/hoary/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [H](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/) / hoary

# hoary

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** old person, hoary old man, hoary legend, Hoary old jokes, class · **What happens:** be, know, smile, tell, make, groan · **To what, where:** class · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hoary» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hoary in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hoary.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grey or white-haired, as an old person is.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoary:m1:1
# text = Grey or white-haired, as an old person is.
1	Grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
3	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	haired	haired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a old person |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Old and well known, from long ago, as in «a hoary legend».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoary:m2:1
# text = Old and well known, from long ago, as in «a hoary legend».
1	Old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
4	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
8	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	hoary	hoary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	legend	legend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | ago, well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hoary old man smiled at us.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoary:x1:1
# text = The hoary old man smiled at us.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	hoary	hoary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smile** | past | the hoary old man |  |  |  |  | at us | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hoary legend tells of a piper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoary:x2:1
# text = The hoary legend tells of a piper.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hoary	hoary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	legend	legend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	piper	piper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | the hoary legend |  |  |  |  | of a piper | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hoary old jokes make the class groan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoary:x3:1
# text = Hoary old jokes make the class groan.
1	Hoary	hoary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	groan	groan	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Hoary old jokes | the class |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **groan** | infinitive | the class *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [hoarse](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/hoarse/)
- next →: [hoatzin](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/hoatzin/)
- ↑ back to [H in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/)