---
title: hogweed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hogweed» in the school dictionary: Hogweed is a tall wild plant with big flat heads of tiny white flowers. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hogweed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Hogweed, Giant hogweed, sap, you, Hogweed sap, park · **What happens:** be, make, not touch, grow, burn, put up · **To what, where:** tall wild plant, huge kind, skin burn, sunlight, giant hogweed, skin

<!-- .vabout -->
«hogweed» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hogweed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hogweed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hogweed is a tall wild plant with big flat heads of tiny white flowers.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:m1:1
# text = Hogweed is a tall wild plant with big flat heads of tiny white flowers.
1	Hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Hogweed | a tall wild plant |  |  |  | with big flat heads of tiny white flowers | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giant hogweed is a huge kind whose sap makes skin burn and blister badly in sunlight.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:m2:1
# text = Giant hogweed is a huge kind whose sap makes skin burn and blister badly in sunlight.
1	Giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	sap	SAP	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	burn	burn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	blister	blister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Giant hogweed | a huge kind |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | sap | skin burn and blister |  | sunlight |  | badly *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset burn=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't touch the giant hogweed by the river!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x1:1
# text = Don't touch the giant hogweed by the river!
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **touch** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | the giant hogweed |  |  |  | by the river | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hogweed=Experiencer by river=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giant hogweed can grow taller than a person.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x2:1
# text = Giant hogweed can grow taller than a person.
1	Giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	xcomp	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | can | Giant hogweed |  |  |  |  | tall *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hogweed sap can burn your skin in sunlight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x3:1
# text = Hogweed sap can burn your skin in sunlight.
1	Hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	sap	SAP	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | can | Hogweed sap | your skin |  | sunlight |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The park put up signs warning about hogweed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x4:1
# text = The park put up signs warning about hogweed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	signs	sign	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	warning	warn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put up** | past | the park | signs |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent sign=Goal |
| 2 | **warn** *speech: warn* | gerund | signs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about hogweed | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about hogweed=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Common hogweed has white umbrella-shaped flowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x5:1
# text = Common hogweed has white umbrella-shaped flowers.
1	Common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
5	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Common hogweed | white shaped flowers |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flower=Patient |
| 2 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He got blisters after touching hogweed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x6:1
# text = He got blisters after touching hogweed.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	blisters	blister	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	touching	touch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | He | blisters |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer blister=Stimulus |
| 2 | **touch** | gerund | He *not said here* | hogweed |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hogweed=Co-Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wash your skin quickly if you touch hogweed sap.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x7:1
# text = Wash your skin quickly if you touch hogweed sap.
1	Wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	touch	touch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	sap	SAP	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | imperative | you *not said here* | your skin |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |
| 2 | **touch** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | hogweed sap |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sap=Co-Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giant hogweed has purple spots on its stem.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hogweed:x8:1
# text = Giant hogweed has purple spots on its stem.
1	Giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hogweed	hogweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	purple	purple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	stem	stem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Giant hogweed | purple spots |  | hogweed's stem |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient |
| 2 | **stem** |  | hogweed |  |  |  |  |  | nom stem «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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