---
title: hoist — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hoist» in the school dictionary: To lift or pull something heavy up, often with ropes or a machine, as in «hoist the sails». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hoist

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** machine, Dad, sailors, They, crane, steel · **What happens:** lift, pull up, hoist, raise up, beam, watch · **To what, where:** something, sails, flag, heavy things, yourself, me

<!-- .vabout -->
«hoist» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hoist in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hoist.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lift or pull something heavy up, often with ropes or a machine, as in «hoist the sails».

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:m1:1
# text = To lift or pull something heavy up, often with ropes or a machine, as in «hoist the sails».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	ropes	rope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	hoist	hoist	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sails	sail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with ropes or a machine | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pull up** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 3 | **hoist** *in a quote* | imperative |  | the sails |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sail=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To raise a flag up a pole.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:m2:1
# text = To raise a flag up a pole.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	raise	raise	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pole	pole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise up** | to-infinitive |  | a flag |  |  |  | a pole *obl:unmarked* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flag=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A machine for lifting heavy things or people, as in «a hospital hoist».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:m3:1
# text = A machine for lifting heavy things or people, as in «a hospital hoist».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	hoist	hoist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | gerund | a machine *not said here* | heavy things or people |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lift yourself or someone else up, as in «Dad hoisted me onto his shoulders».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:m4:1
# text = To lift yourself or someone else up, as in «Dad hoisted me onto his shoulders».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
3	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	else	else	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	up	up	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Dad	Dad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | to-infinitive | Dad *not said here* | yourself |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourself=Theme |
| 2 | **hoist** *in a quote* | past | Dad | me |  | Dad's shoulders |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sailors hoisted the sails.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:x1:1
# text = The sailors hoisted the sails.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sails	sail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hoist** | past | the sailors | the sails |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sail=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They hoisted the flag on the school's sports day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:x2:1
# text = They hoisted the flag on the school's sports day.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	flag	flag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	sports	sport	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	compound	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hoist** | past | They | the flag |  |  | day |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flag=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crane hoisted the steel beams onto the roof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:x3:1
# text = A crane hoisted the steel beams onto the roof.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	steel	steel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	beams	beam	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hoist** | past | a crane |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **beam** | present | the steel |  |  | the roof |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent onto roof=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad hoisted me onto his shoulders to watch the parade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:x4:1
# text = Dad hoisted me onto his shoulders to watch the parade.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	watch	watch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	parade	parade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hoist** | past | Dad | me |  | Dad's shoulders |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme onto shoulder=Destination |
| 2 | **watch** | to-infinitive | Dad *not said here* | the parade |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parade=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse used a hoist to lift the patient.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:x5:1
# text = The nurse used a hoist to lift the patient.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hoist	hoist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	patient	patient	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the nurse | a hoist |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hoist=Patient |
| 2 | **lift** | to-infinitive | the nurse *not said here* | the patient |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent patient=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A pulley makes it easier to hoist a heavy bucket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:x6:1
# text = A pulley makes it easier to hoist a heavy bucket.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pulley	pulley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	easier	easy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hoist	hoist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a pulley | it |  |  |  | easy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 2 | **hoist** | to-infinitive |  | a heavy bucket |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bucket=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His brothers hoisted the stone to a great height, and then cut the rope.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hoist:x7:1
# text = His brothers hoisted the stone to a great height, and then cut the rope.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hoisted	hoist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hoist** | past | His brothers | the stone |  | a great height |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stone=Theme to height=Destination |
| 2 | **cut** | infinitive |  | the rope |  |  | then |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rope=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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