---
title: holiday — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «holiday» in the school dictionary: A holiday is a day when people do not go to school or work, often because of a special event, like a public holiday. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# holiday

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** holiday, people, you, this, holidays, They · **What happens:** be, not go, take, last, spend, read · **To what, where:** day, school, trip, vacation, longer time, 300 dollars

<!-- .vabout -->
«holiday» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [holiday in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/holiday.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A holiday is a day when people do not go to school or work, often because of a special event, like a public holiday.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:m1:1
# text = A holiday is a day when people do not go to school or work, often because of a special event, like a public holiday.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
17	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	21	case	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	fixed	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	like	like	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a holiday | a day |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **go** | present · do-support | people |  |  | school or work |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A holiday is a trip you take for fun and rest, away from home (in American English this is a vacation).

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:m2:1
# text = A holiday is a trip you take for fun and rest, away from home (in American English this is a vacation).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
20	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	vacation	vacation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a holiday | a trip |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | present | you | a trip *not said here* |  |  |  | for fun and rest; away *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent trip=Theme for fun=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **is a** | present | this | a vacation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The holidays are a longer time off school, like the summer holidays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:m3:1
# text = The holidays are a longer time off school, like the summer holidays.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the holidays | a longer time |  |  |  | off school | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The holiday lasts 14 days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x1:1
# text = The holiday lasts 14 days.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lasts	last	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	14	14	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **last** | present | the holiday |  |  |  | day |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They spent 300 dollars on holiday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x2:1
# text = They spent 300 dollars on holiday.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	300	300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | They | 300 dollars |  |  |  | on holiday *goal* | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent dollar=Asset on holiday=Goal |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She read 2 books a week during the holidays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x3:1
# text = She read 2 books a week during the holidays.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	during	during	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | She | 2 books |  |  | during the holidays; week |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many days of the holiday are left?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x4:1
# text = How many days of the holiday are left?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | many days of the holiday |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are going on holiday to the seaside.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x5:1
# text = We are going on holiday to the seaside.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	seaside	seaside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present · progressive | We |  |  | holiday |  | to the seaside | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to seaside=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Monday is a public holiday, so there is no school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x6:1
# text = Monday is a public holiday, so there is no school.
1	Monday	Monday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	9	expl	_	_
9	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Monday | a public holiday |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | present | no school |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the summer holidays we went camping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x7:1
# text = In the summer holidays we went camping.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	camping	camp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | we |  |  | the summer holidays |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **camp** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He sent us a postcard from his holiday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x8:1
# text = He sent us a postcard from his holiday.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	postcard	postcard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | He | a postcard | us | his holiday |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Destination postcard=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thanksgiving is a big holiday in the USA and Canada.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x9:1
# text = Thanksgiving is a big holiday in the USA and Canada.
1	Thanksgiving	Thanksgiving	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Thanksgiving | a big holiday |  | the USA and Canada |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On all their holidays, the Pygmies had excellent sport with Antaeus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:holiday:x10:1
# text = On all their holidays, the Pygmies had excellent sport with Antaeus.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	holidays	holiday	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Pygmies	pygmy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	excellent	excellent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Antaeus	Antaeus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Pygmies | excellent sport |  | their holidays |  | with Antaeus | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sport=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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