---
title: homo — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «homo» in the school dictionary: Homo, the genus (group) that includes humans and our extinct close relatives; our species is Homo sapiens, Latin for «wise human». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# homo

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** genus, Homo, person, We, Homo sapiens, Homo erectus · **What happens:** include, be, mean, not use, use, belong · **To what, where:** humans, Homo sapiens, same, hurtful slur, fire, two words · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«homo» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [homo in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/homo.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Homo, the genus (group) that includes humans and our extinct close relatives; our species is Homo sapiens, Latin for «wise human».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:m1:1
# text = Homo, the genus (group) that includes humans and our extinct close relatives; our species is Homo sapiens, Latin for «wise human».
1	Homo	homo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	genus	genus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	includes	include	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
13	extinct	extinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	Homo	Homo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	sapiens	sapien	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	Latin	Latin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | the genus | humans and our extinct close relatives |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent human=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Homo and our species | Homo sapiens |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: prefix — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
homo- means «same», as in homophone (same sound), homogeneous (all the same kind).

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:m2:1
# text = homo- means «same», as in homophone (same sound), homogeneous (all the same kind).
1	homo	homo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	homophone	homophone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	parataxis	_	_
17	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	21	det:predet	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | homo | same |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent same=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: offensive — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old insulting word for a gay person; it is a hurtful slur and should not be used.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:m3:1
# text = An old insulting word for a gay person; it is a hurtful slur and should not be used.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	insulting	insulting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	gay	gay	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	slur	slur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | person | a hurtful slur |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **use** | should · passive | person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We are Homo sapiens, which means «wise human».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:x1:1
# text = We are Homo sapiens, which means «wise human».
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	Homo	Homo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sapiens	sapien	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | We | Homo sapiens |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Homo sapiens |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Homo erectus used fire and stone tools.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:x2:1
# text = Homo erectus used fire and stone tools.
1	Homo	homo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	erectus	erectus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	tools	tool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle | Homo erectus | fire and stone tools |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neanderthals belong to the genus Homo too.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:x3:1
# text = Neanderthals belong to the genus Homo too.
1	Neanderthals	neanderthal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	belong	belong	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	genus	genus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	Homo	Homo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **belong** | present | Neanderthals |  |  |  |  | to the genus | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Homophone» means two words with the same sound.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:x4:1
# text = «Homophone» means two words with the same sound.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Homophone	homophone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Homophone | two words |  |  |  | with the same sound | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A homogeneous mixture looks the same all the way through.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:x5:1
# text = A homogeneous mixture looks the same all the way through.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	homogeneous	homogeneous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mixture	mixture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	9	det:predet	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	through	through	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | a homogeneous mixture | the same |  |  |  | all way *obl:unmarked*; through *property* | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme same=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher explained that using «homo» as an insult is hurtful and not allowed.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:homo:x6:1
# text = The teacher explained that using «homo» as an insult is hurtful and not allowed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
5	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	csubj	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	homo	homo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	insult	insult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** | gerund |  | homo |  |  |  | as a insult | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent homo=Duration as insult=Attribute |
| 3 | **is** | present | using |  |  |  |  | hurtful *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **allow** | participle | using *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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