---
title: honest — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «honest» in the school dictionary: Honest means telling the truth and not lying, cheating or stealing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# honest

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Honest, honest answer, honest mistake, you, She, I · **What happens:** mean, tell, not lie, cheat, steal, be · **To what, where:** truth, mistake, anyone, honest answer, film, honest mistake · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«honest» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [honest in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/honest.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Honest means telling the truth and not lying, cheating or stealing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:m1:1
# text = Honest means telling the truth and not lying, cheating or stealing.
1	Honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	stealing	steal	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Honest |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | gerund | Honest *not said here* | the truth |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient |
| 3 | **not** **lie** | gerund | Honest *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cheat** | gerund | Honest *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **steal** | gerund | Honest *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An honest answer or opinion is true and sincere.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:m2:1
# text = An honest answer or opinion is true and sincere.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	sincere	sincere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a honest answer or opinion |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a honest answer or opinion *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An honest mistake is a mistake made without meaning to trick anyone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:m3:1
# text = An honest mistake is a mistake made without meaning to trick anyone.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	trick	trick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a honest mistake | a mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a mistake *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **mean** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **trick** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | anyone |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always be honest with your parents.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x1:1
# text = Always be honest with your parents.
1	Always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with your parents; always, honest *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave an honest answer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x2:1
# text = She gave an honest answer.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a honest answer |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To be honest, I didn't like the film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x3:1
# text = To be honest, I didn't like the film.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **like** | past · do-support | I | the film |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot film=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was an honest mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x4:1
# text = It was an honest mistake.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a honest mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The honest boy handed in the wallet he found.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x5:1
# text = The honest boy handed in the wallet he found.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	handed	hand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wallet	wallet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hand** | participle |  | the honest boy *not said here* |  | the wallet |  |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **find** | past | boy | the wallet *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wallet=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be honest — did you eat the last biscuit?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x6:1
# text = Be honest — did you eat the last biscuit?
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	csubj	_	_
3	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	biscuit	biscuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | past · do-support | you | the last biscuit |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Honest people don't cheat at games.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x7:1
# text = Honest people don't cheat at games.
1	Honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	cheat	cheat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **cheat** | present · do-support | Honest people |  |  | games |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I'm being honest: I didn't break it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x8:1
# text = I'm being honest: I didn't break it.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
4	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **break** | past · do-support | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I am looking for an honest man," answered Diogenes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:honest:x9:1
# text = "I am looking for an honest man," answered Diogenes.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	ccomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
11	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	Diogenes	Diogenes	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** *in a quote* | present · progressive | Diogenes |  |  |  |  | for a honest man | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for man=Theme |
| 2 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Diogenes |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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