---
title: hopeful — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hopeful» in the school dictionary: Feeling that something good will probably happen. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hopeful

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** something, person, I, it, green shoots, Hundreds · **What happens:** feel, happen, give, hope, promise, win · **To what, where:** reason, hopeful sign, Olympic hopefuls, singing audition, hopeful smile, me

<!-- .vabout -->
«hopeful» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hopeful in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hopeful.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Feeling that something good will probably happen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:m1:1
# text = Feeling that something good will probably happen.
1	Feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **happen** | future | something |  |  |  |  | probably *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giving a reason to hope; promising, as in «a hopeful sign».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:m2:1
# text = Giving a reason to hope; promising, as in «a hopeful sign».
1	Giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hope	hope	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	promising	promise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | gerund |  | a reason |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **hope** | to-infinitive |  | a reason *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **promise** *speech: promise* | gerund |  | a hopeful sign |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent sign=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who hopes to win or succeed, as in «Olympic hopefuls».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:m3:1
# text = A person who hopes to win or succeed, as in «Olympic hopefuls».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hopes	hope	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	succeed	succeed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Olympic	olympic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	hopefuls	hopeful	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hope** | present | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **win** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **succeed** | infinitive | a person *not said here* | Olympic hopefuls |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am hopeful that it will stop raining before the match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x1:1
# text = I am hopeful that it will stop raining before the match.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	raining	rain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | hopeful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **stop** | future | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **rain** | gerund |  |  |  |  | before the match |  | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The green shoots were a hopeful sign of spring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x2:1
# text = The green shoots were a hopeful sign of spring.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	shoots	shoot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the green shoots | a hopeful sign |  |  | spring |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hundreds of hopefuls came to the singing audition.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x3:1
# text = Hundreds of hopefuls came to the singing audition.
1	Hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	hopefuls	hopeful	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	audition	audition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Hundreds of hopefuls |  |  | the singing audition |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to audition=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He gave me a hopeful smile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x4:1
# text = He gave me a hopeful smile.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | He | a hopeful smile | me |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient smile=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctors are hopeful she will get better soon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x5:1
# text = The doctors are hopeful she will get better soon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
8	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	xcomp	_	_
9	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the doctors |  |  |  |  | hopeful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | future | she |  |  |  |  | good, soon *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We were hopeful but the shop had sold out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x6:1
# text = We were hopeful but the shop had sold out.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | We |  |  |  |  | hopeful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sell out** | past · perfect · passive |  | the shop |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team is hopeful about the final.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x7:1
# text = The team is hopeful about the final.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the team |  |  |  |  | about the final; hopeful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king was glad, and he and his people were more hopeful than they had ever been before.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopeful:x8:1
# text = The king was glad, and he and his people were more hopeful than they had ever been before.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	glad	glad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	13	advmod	_	_
13	hopeful	hopeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
14	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
17	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	19	advmod	_	_
18	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	cop	_	_
19	before	before	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the king |  |  |  |  | glad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | king |  |  |  |  | hopeful *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | participle |  |  |  |  | ever | before *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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