---
title: hopscotch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hopscotch» in the school dictionary: Hopscotch is a children's game in which you throw a small stone or marker into numbered squares drawn on the ground, then hop and jump through the squares to pick it up. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hopscotch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Hopscotch, you, We, I, She, line · **What happens:** be, throw, number, draw, hop, jump · **To what, where:** game, small stone, numbered squares, ground, squares, Hopscotch

<!-- .vabout -->
«hopscotch» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hopscotch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hopscotch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hopscotch is a children's game in which you throw a small stone or marker into numbered squares drawn on the ground, then hop and jump through the squares to pick it up.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:m1:1
# text = Hopscotch is a children's game in which you throw a small stone or marker into numbered squares drawn on the ground, then hop and jump through the squares to pick it up.
1	Hopscotch	hopscotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	throw	throw	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	marker	marker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	numbered	number	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	squares	square	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
19	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	acl	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	25	advmod	_	_
25	hop	hop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	jump	jump	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
28	through	through	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	squares	square	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	pick	pick	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	advcl	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	up	up	ADP	RP	_	32	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Hopscotch | a children's game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **throw** | present | you | a small stone or marker |  | a children's game |  | into numbered squares *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer stone=Theme into square=Result |
| 3 | **number** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **draw** | participle |  | numbered squares *not said here* |  | the ground |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on ground=Destination |
| 5 | **hop** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | then |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **jump** | infinitive |  |  |  | the squares |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through square=Trajectory |
| 7 | **pick up** | to-infinitive |  | Hopscotch |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We drew a hopscotch grid on the pavement with chalk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:x1:1
# text = We drew a hopscotch grid on the pavement with chalk.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	hopscotch	hopscotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	grid	grid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pavement	pavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	chalk	chalk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | We | a hopscotch grid |  | the pavement with chalk |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent grid=Theme on pavement=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In hopscotch you hop on one foot in the single squares.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:x2:1
# text = In hopscotch you hop on one foot in the single squares.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	hopscotch	hopscotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hop	hop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	foot	foot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	squares	square	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hop** | present | you |  |  | hopscotch |  | on one foot; in the single squares | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hopscotch=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I threw my stone onto square five.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:x3:1
# text = I threw my stone onto square five.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past | I | my stone |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent stone=Destination square=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She lost her balance and stepped on a line, so it was my turn.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:x4:1
# text = She lost her balance and stepped on a line, so it was my turn.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	balance	balance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	stepped	step	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | She | her balance and my turn |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent balance=Eventuality |
| 2 | **step** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  | a line |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on line=Trajectory |
| 3 | **is a** | past | line | my turn |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **balance** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom balance «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our playground has a hopscotch painted on it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:x5:1
# text = Our playground has a hopscotch painted on it.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hopscotch	hopscotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	painted	paint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Our playground | a hopscotch |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hopscotch=Patient |
| 2 | **paint** | participle |  | a hopscotch *not said here* |  | playground |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent on it=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We played hopscotch counting in twos.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:x6:1
# text = We played hopscotch counting in twos.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hopscotch	hopscotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	counting	count	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	twos	two	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | past | We | hopscotch |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hopscotch=Theme |
| 2 | **count** | gerund | hopscotch *not said here* |  |  | twos |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some played at marbles, at hopscotch, at ball.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hopscotch:x7:1
# text = Some played at marbles, at hopscotch, at ball.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	marbles	marble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hopscotch	hopscotch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | participle · passive |  | Some |  | marbles |  | at hopscotch; at ball | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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