---
title: horde — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «horde» in the school dictionary: A horde is a very large crowd of people or animals, often noisy or out of control. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# horde

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** horde, sale, Mongol horde, Hordes, cries, I · **What happens:** be, rush in, begin, run, ride, attack · **To what, where:** large crowd, large group, history, shoppers, playground, steppe

<!-- .vabout -->
«horde» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [horde in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/horde.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horde is a very large crowd of people or animals, often noisy or out of control.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:m1:1
# text = A horde is a very large crowd of people or animals, often noisy or out of control.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	noisy	noisy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	out	out	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	control	control	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a horde | a large crowd |  |  |  | of people or animals | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In history, a horde was a large group of nomadic warriors, such as the Mongol horde.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:m2:1
# text = In history, a horde was a large group of nomadic warriors, such as the Mongol horde.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	nomadic	nomadic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	warriors	warrior	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Mongol	mongol	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | a horde | a large group and the Mongol horde |  | history |  | of nomadic warriors | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hordes of shoppers rushed in when the sale began.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:x1:1
# text = Hordes of shoppers rushed in when the sale began.
1	Hordes	horde	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	shoppers	shopper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	rushed	rush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rush in** | participle |  | shoppers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past | the sale |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horde of children ran onto the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:x2:1
# text = A horde of children ran onto the playground.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | a horde of children |  |  | the playground |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme onto playground=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mongol horde rode across the steppe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:x3:1
# text = The Mongol horde rode across the steppe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Mongol	mongol	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	rode	ride	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	steppe	steppe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ride** | past | the Mongol horde |  |  | the steppe |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent across steppe=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the game, a horde of zombies attacked the castle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:x4:1
# text = In the game, a horde of zombies attacked the castle.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	zombies	zombie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	attacked	attack	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attack** | past | a horde of zombies | the castle |  | the game |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hordes of tourists visit the beach every summer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:x5:1
# text = Hordes of tourists visit the beach every summer.
1	Hordes	horde	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	tourists	tourist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	visit	visit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **visit** | present | Hordes of tourists | the beach |  |  | summer |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beach=Co-Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A horde of ants carried away the crumbs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:x6:1
# text = A horde of ants carried away the crumbs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry away** | past | a horde of ants | the crumbs |  |  |  | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cries and screams of the savage horde and of the birds sounded through the air, and I joined in it also; for I sang 'Ding-dong! ding-dong!'

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:horde:x7:1
# text = The cries and screams of the savage horde and of the birds sounded through the air, and I joined in it also; for I sang 'Ding-dong! ding-dong!'
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cries	cry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	screams	scream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	savage	savage	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	horde	horde	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
13	sounded	sound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	through	through	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	joined	join	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
23	also	also	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	Ding	ding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	dong	dong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	35	punct	_	_
33	ding	ding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	dong	dong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	35	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | past | the cries of the savage horde and the birds and screams |  |  | the air |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through air=Location |
| 2 | **join** | past | I |  |  |  |  | in air | vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in it=Theme |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | I | Ding dong |  |  |  | ding dong *obl* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 4 | **cry** |  | the savage horde and the birds |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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