---
title: hormone — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hormone» in the school dictionary: A hormone is a chemical messenger made in the body that travels in the blood and tells parts of the body what to do. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hormone

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hormone, that, Plants, hormones, Adrenaline, you · **What happens:** be, make, travel, tell, do, have · **To what, where:** chemical messenger, body, blood, parts, hormones, hormone · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hormone» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hormone in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hormone.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hormone is a chemical messenger made in the body that travels in the blood and tells parts of the body what to do.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:m1:1
# text = A hormone is a chemical messenger made in the body that travels in the blood and tells parts of the body what to do.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hormone	hormone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
18	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	24	obj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hormone | a chemical messenger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a chemical messenger *not said here* |  | the body |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **travel** | present | that |  |  | the blood |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in blood=Trajectory |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | that *not said here* | parts of the body |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent part=Recipient |
| 5 | **do** | to-infinitive | that *not said here* | the body |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plants also have hormones that control how they grow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:m2:1
# text = Plants also have hormones that control how they grow.
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hormones	hormone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	control	control	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Plants | hormones |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hormone=Patient |
| 2 | **control** | present | hormones |  |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **grow** | present | Plants *= plant* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hormones travel around the body in the blood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x1:1
# text = Hormones travel around the body in the blood.
1	Hormones	hormone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travel	travel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	around	around	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | Hormones |  |  | the body |  | in the blood | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around body=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adrenaline is a hormone that gets you ready to run.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x2:1
# text = Adrenaline is a hormone that gets you ready to run.
1	Adrenaline	adrenaline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hormone	hormone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Adrenaline | a hormone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | present | a hormone | you |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 3 | **run** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Growth hormone helps children grow taller.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x3:1
# text = Growth hormone helps children grow taller.
1	Growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	hormone	hormone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Growth hormone | children |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | infinitive | children *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tall *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Puberty starts when the body makes new hormones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x4:1
# text = Puberty starts when the body makes new hormones.
1	Puberty	puberty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hormones	hormone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | Puberty |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **make** | present | the body | new hormones |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hormone=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insulin is a hormone that controls blood sugar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x5:1
# text = Insulin is a hormone that controls blood sugar.
1	Insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hormone	hormone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	controls	control	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Insulin | a hormone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **control** | present | a hormone | blood sugar |  |  |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hormones can make your moods change.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x6:1
# text = Hormones can make your moods change.
1	Hormones	hormone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	moods	mood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | can | Hormones |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **change** | present | your moods |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plant hormones make shoots grow towards light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x7:1
# text = Plant hormones make shoots grow towards light.
1	Plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	hormones	hormone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	shoots	shoot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Plant hormones | shoots |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | infinitive | shoots *not said here* |  |  |  |  | towards light | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Melatonin is a hormone that helps you sleep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hormone:x8:1
# text = Melatonin is a hormone that helps you sleep.
1	Melatonin	melatonin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hormone	hormone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Melatonin | a hormone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | present | a hormone | you |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **sleep** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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