---
title: hornet — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hornet» in the school dictionary: A hornet is a large wasp with a powerful sting, often yellow and brown or black. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hornet

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hornet, Hornets, you, His, sting, Asian hornets · **What happens:** be, buzz, build, make, chew, not swat · **To what, where:** large wasp, hornet, picnic table, nests, question, honeybees

<!-- .vabout -->
«hornet» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hornet in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hornet.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hornet is a large wasp with a powerful sting, often yellow and brown or black.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:m1:1
# text = A hornet is a large wasp with a powerful sting, often yellow and brown or black.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	powerful	powerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	parataxis	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a hornet | a large wasp |  |  |  | with a powerful sting | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hornet buzzed around the picnic table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:x1:1
# text = A hornet buzzed around the picnic table.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	buzzed	buzz	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	picnic	picnic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buzz** | participle |  | a hornet *not said here* |  | the picnic table |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around table=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hornets build nests made of chewed wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:x2:1
# text = Hornets build nests made of chewed wood.
1	Hornets	hornet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	build	build	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	chewed	chew	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present | Hornets | nests |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nest=Product |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | nests *not said here* |  |  |  | of chewed wood | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **chew** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't swat a hornet — walk away calmly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:x3:1
# text = Don't swat a hornet — walk away calmly.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	swat	swat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	walk	walk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	away	away	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	calmly	calmly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **swat** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | a hornet |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hornet=Patient |
| 2 | **walk away** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away, calmly *property* | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His question stirred up a hornet's nest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:x4:1
# text = His question stirred up a hornet's nest.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	stirred	stir	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir up** | participle |  | His question and a hornet's nest *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **question** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom question «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hornet's sting really hurt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:x5:1
# text = The hornet's sting really hurt.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	really	really	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past | the hornet's sting |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **sting** |  | the hornet |  |  |  |  |  | nom sting «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Asian hornets attack honeybees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:x6:1
# text = Asian hornets attack honeybees.
1	Asian	Asian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hornets	hornet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	attack	attack	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	honeybees	honeybee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attack** | present | Asian hornets | honeybees |  |  |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honeybee=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But the willow-wren sent down the hornet, with orders to settle beneath the fox’s tail, and sting with all his might.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hornet:x7:1
# text = But the willow-wren sent down the hornet, with orders to settle beneath the fox’s tail, and sting with all his might.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	wren	wren	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	settle	settle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	acl	_	_
15	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	’s	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
23	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	26	det:predet	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send down** | participle | the willow wren | the hornet |  |  |  | with orders | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hornet=Theme |
| 2 | **settle** | to-infinitive | the willow wren *not said here* |  |  |  |  | beneath the fox's tail | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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