---
title: hostess — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hostess» in the school dictionary: A woman who invites guests and looks after them at a party or in her home. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hostess

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** woman, today, Mum, hostess, good hostess, everyone · **What happens:** invite, look, greet, present, call, be · **To what, where:** guests, people, restaurant, show, flight attendant, hostess · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hostess» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hostess in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hostess.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A woman who invites guests and looks after them at a party or in her home.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:m1:1
# text = A woman who invites guests and looks after them at a party or in her home.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	invites	invite	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invite** | present | a woman |  | guests |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guest=Recipient |
| 2 | **look** | present | a woman *not said here* |  |  |  | after guests *= guest* | at a party or woman's home | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at party=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A woman who greets people in a restaurant or presents a show.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:m2:1
# text = A woman who greets people in a restaurant or presents a show.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	greets	greet	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	restaurant	restaurant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **greet** *speech: greet* | present | a woman |  | people | a restaurant |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 2 | **present** | present | a woman *not said here* | a show |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent show=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A woman who looks after passengers on a plane — today called a flight attendant.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:m3:1
# text = A woman who looks after passengers on a plane — today called a flight attendant.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	passengers	passenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	plane	plane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
11	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	attendant	attendant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | a woman  today |  |  |  | after passengers | on a plane | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on plane=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | participle | today *not said here* | a flight attendant |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent attendant=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum was the hostess of the birthday party.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:x1:1
# text = Mum was the hostess of the birthday party.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hostess	hostess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Mum | the hostess |  |  |  | of the birthday party | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hostess showed us to our table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:x2:1
# text = The hostess showed us to our table.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hostess	hostess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the hostess |  | us |  |  | to our table | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent we=Topic to table=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A good hostess makes sure everyone has a drink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:x3:1
# text = A good hostess makes sure everyone has a drink.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hostess	hostess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	sure	sure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	7	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a good hostess |  |  |  |  | sure *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **have** | present | everyone | a drink |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hostess of the quiz show read the questions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:x4:1
# text = The hostess of the quiz show read the questions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hostess	hostess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	quiz	quiz	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	show	show	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | the hostess of the quiz show | the questions |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent question=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thank the hostess when you leave.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:x5:1
# text = Thank the hostess when you leave.
1	Thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hostess	hostess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present |  | the hostess |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hostess=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My nan is a wonderful hostess at Christmas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:x6:1
# text = My nan is a wonderful hostess at Christmas.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	nan	nan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hostess	hostess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My nan | a wonderful hostess |  | Christmas |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Our good hostess has made kings of us all," said one.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hostess:x7:1
# text = "Our good hostess has made kings of us all," said one.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hostess	hostess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
13	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | Our good hostess |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  | one |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent one=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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