---
title: howdah — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «howdah» in the school dictionary: A howdah is a seat with a roof, fixed on the back of an elephant, for riders to sit in. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# howdah

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**Who acts:** howdah, Queen, guards, King · **What happens:** be, fix, sit in, sit, climb up, see · **To what, where:** seat, back, golden howdah, howdah, whole crowd

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«howdah» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [howdah in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/howdah.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A howdah is a seat with a roof, fixed on the back of an elephant, for riders to sit in.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:howdah:m1:1
# text = A howdah is a seat with a roof, fixed on the back of an elephant, for riders to sit in.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	howdah	howdah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	riders	rider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	acl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a howdah | a seat |  |  |  | with a roof | tree rules |
| 2 | **fix** | participle |  | a seat *not said here* |  | the back of a elephant |  | for riders | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for rider=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **sit in** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Queen sat in a golden howdah on the elephant's back.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:howdah:x1:1
# text = The Queen sat in a golden howdah on the elephant's back.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	howdah	howdah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the Queen |  |  | a golden howdah |  | on the elephant's back | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in howdah=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The guards climbed up to the howdah.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:howdah:x2:1
# text = The guards climbed up to the howdah.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guards	guard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	howdah	howdah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb up** | past | the guards |  |  | the howdah |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to howdah=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From his howdah the King could see the whole crowd.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:howdah:x3:1
# text = From his howdah the King could see the whole crowd.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	howdah	howdah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | could | the King | the whole crowd |  | his howdah |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crowd=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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