---
title: humorous — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «humorous» in the school dictionary: Funny; making people laugh or smile (a humorous story). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# humorous

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, We, She, speech, Grandad, film · **What happens:** make, laugh, smile, show, like, joke · **To what, where:** humorous story, sense, humorous person, humour, humorous poem, jokes · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«humorous» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [humorous in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/humorous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Funny; making people laugh or smile (a humorous story).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:m1:1
# text = Funny; making people laugh or smile (a humorous story).
1	Funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	smile	smile	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | infinitive | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **smile** | infinitive | people *not said here* | a humorous story |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Showing a sense of humour; liking to joke (a humorous person).

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:m2:1
# text = Showing a sense of humour; liking to joke (a humorous person).
1	Showing	show	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	humour	humour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	liking	like	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	joke	joke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | gerund |  | a sense of humour |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sense=Recipient |
| 2 | **like** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **joke** *speech: other* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a humorous person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **sense** |  |  | humour |  |  |  |  | nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We read a humorous poem about a lazy cat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:x1:1
# text = We read a humorous poem about a lazy cat.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	read	read	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	lazy	lazy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | past | We | a humorous poem |  |  |  | about a lazy cat | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She wrote a humorous story about her dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:x2:1
# text = She wrote a humorous story about her dog.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | She | a humorous story |  |  |  | about her dog | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent story=Recipient about dog=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The speech was humorous and short.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:x3:1
# text = The speech was humorous and short.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the speech |  |  |  |  | humorous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the speech *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad is very humorous; he tells jokes all day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:x4:1
# text = Grandad is very humorous; he tells jokes all day.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	very	very	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	tells	tell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
8	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Grandad |  |  |  |  | humorous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | Grandad | jokes |  |  | day |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent joke=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film has humorous moments.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:x5:1
# text = The film has humorous moments.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	moments	moment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the film |  |  |  | moment |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He told the story in a humorous way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:x6:1
# text = He told the story in a humorous way.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | He | the story |  | a humorous way |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The humorous poem was admirably recited, and the speaker much applauded.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:humorous:x7:1
# text = The humorous poem was admirably recited, and the speaker much applauded.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	humorous	humorous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	poem	poem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	admirably	admirably	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	recited	recite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	speaker	speaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	much	much	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	applauded	applaud	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** | past · passive |  | the humorous poem |  |  |  | admirably *property* | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **applaud** | past | the speaker |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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