---
title: hunched — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hunched» in the school dictionary: Bent forward with the back curved and shoulders raised. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hunched

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** She, old man, you, He, cat, rags · **What happens:** bend, curve, raise, hunch over, lean, sit · **To what, where:** shoulders, back, cold tiredness, it, homework, wind

<!-- .vabout -->
«hunched» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hunched in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hunched.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bent forward with the back curved and shoulders raised.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:m1:1
# text = Bent forward with the back curved and shoulders raised.
1	Bent	bend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
6	curved	curve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **curve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with the back | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material |
| 3 | **raise** | participle |  | shoulders *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To bend your back and shoulders forward, often from cold, tiredness or worry.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:m2:1
# text = To bend your back and shoulders forward, often from cold, tiredness or worry.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	bend	bend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	tiredness	tiredness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	worry	worry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | to-infinitive |  | your back and shoulders |  | cold tiredness or worry |  | forward *property* | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent back=Material |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«hunched over» something — leaning over it closely.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:m3:1
# text = «hunched over» something — leaning over it closely.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	leaning	lean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	closely	closely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunch over** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lean** | gerund |  |  |  | it |  | closely *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over it=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sat hunched over her homework.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:x1:1
# text = She sat hunched over her homework.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunch** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  | her homework |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over homework=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old man walked slowly, hunched against the wind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:x2:1
# text = The old man walked slowly, hunched against the wind.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | the old man |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hunch** | participle | the old man *not said here* |  |  | the wind |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against wind=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't sit hunched over your tablet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:x3:1
# text = Don't sit hunched over your tablet.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	tablet	tablet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sit** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunch** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  | your tablet |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over tablet=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hunched his shoulders in the cold.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:x4:1
# text = He hunched his shoulders in the cold.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunch** | past | He | his shoulders |  |  |  | in the cold | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent shoulder=Patient in cold=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat sat hunched on the wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:x5:1
# text = The cat sat hunched on the wall.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | the cat |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunch** | participle | the cat *not said here* |  |  | the wall |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on wall=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were hunched together under one umbrella.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:x6:1
# text = They were hunched together under one umbrella.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	umbrella	umbrella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunch** | past · passive |  | They |  | one umbrella |  | together *property* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sat hunched up against the wail, and as she looked like a bundle of rags they did not notice her.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hunched:x7:1
# text = She sat hunched up against the wail, and as she looked like a bundle of rags they did not notice her.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hunched	hunch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wail	wail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bundle	bundle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	rags	rag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	notice	notice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	acl:relcl	_	_
22	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunch up** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  | the wail |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against wail=Location |
| 3 | **look** | past | she |  |  |  |  | like a bundle of rags | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **not** **notice** | past · do-support | rags *= rag* | her *= she* |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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