---
title: hygienic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hygienic» in the school dictionary: Clean and free of germs, so it is unlikely to spread illness. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hygienic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hygienic way, It, Washing, Paper towels, Licking, Cats · **What happens:** be, spread, help, keep, store, not be · **To what, where:** illness, things, food, toothbrush, school kitchen, hands

<!-- .vabout -->
«hygienic» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hygienic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hygienic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clean and free of germs, so it is unlikely to spread illness.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:m1:1
# text = Clean and free of germs, so it is unlikely to spread illness.
1	Clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	expl	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	unlikely	unlikely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	spread	spread	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | unlikely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **spread** | to-infinitive |  | illness |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location illness=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Helping to keep things clean and healthy: a hygienic way of storing food.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:m2:1
# text = Helping to keep things clean and healthy: a hygienic way of storing food.
1	Helping	help	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	csubj	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	storing	store	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | things |  |  |  | clean *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |
| 3 | **store** | gerund | a hygienic way *not said here* | food |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is not hygienic to share a toothbrush.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:x1:1
# text = It is not hygienic to share a toothbrush.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	share	share	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | hygienic *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **share** | to-infinitive |  | a toothbrush |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school kitchen must be kept hygienic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:x2:1
# text = The school kitchen must be kept hygienic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | must · passive |  | the school kitchen |  |  |  | hygienic *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Washing your hands with soap is the most hygienic thing to do before eating.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:x3:1
# text = Washing your hands with soap is the most hygienic thing to do before eating.
1	Washing	wash	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	csubj	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	soap	soap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	9	advmod	_	_
9	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	_
13	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | gerund |  | your hands |  |  |  | with soap | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hand=Patient with soap=Instrument |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Washing | the hygienic thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Paper towels can be more hygienic than a shared cloth towel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:x4:1
# text = Paper towels can be more hygienic than a shared cloth towel.
1	Paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	towels	towel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
6	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
10	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	towel	towel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | can | Paper towels |  |  |  |  | than a shared cloth towel; hygienic *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **share** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse put on gloves to keep things hygienic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:x5:1
# text = The nurse put on gloves to keep things hygienic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	gloves	glove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | participle |  | the nurse *not said here* |  | gloves |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on glove=Destination |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | things |  |  |  | hygienic *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Licking the spoon and putting it back in the jar is not hygienic!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:x6:1
# text = Licking the spoon and putting it back in the jar is not hygienic!
1	Licking	lick	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	spoon	spoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	putting	put	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lick** | gerund |  | the spoon |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent spoon=Theme |
| 2 | **put back** | gerund |  | spoon |  | the jar |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in jar=Destination |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present | Licking |  |  |  |  | hygienic *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cats are quite hygienic animals and wash themselves a lot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hygienic:x7:1
# text = Cats are quite hygienic animals and wash themselves a lot.
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	hygienic	hygienic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	wash	wash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cats | hygienic animals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **wash** | infinitive | Cats *not said here* | Cats *= cat* |  |  |  | a lot *obl:unmarked* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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