---
title: hyoid — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «hyoid» in the school dictionary: The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone in the front of the neck, under the tongue; it is the only bone in the body not joined to another bone. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# hyoid

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hyoid bone, bone, hyoid, you, Scientists, your · **What happens:** shape, be, not join, sit, attach, help · **To what, where:** small shaped bone, front, only bone, body, neck, Muscles · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«hyoid» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [hyoid in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/hyoid.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: biology — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone in the front of the neck, under the tongue; it is the only bone in the body not joined to another bone.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hyoid:m1:1
# text = The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone in the front of the neck, under the tongue; it is the only bone in the body not joined to another bone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hyoid	hyoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
7	U	U	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	under	under	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
31	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl:relcl	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	34	det	_	_
34	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the hyoid bone | a small shaped bone and the tongue and the only bone |  | the front of the neck |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | bone | the only bone |  | the body |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **join** | participle |  | the only bone *not said here* |  |  |  | to another bone | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient to bone=Co-Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hyoid bone sits in your neck below your jaw.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hyoid:x1:1
# text = The hyoid bone sits in your neck below your jaw.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hyoid	hyoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	below	below	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | the hyoid bone |  |  | your neck |  | below your jaw | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in neck=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hyoid is the only bone not joined to any other bone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hyoid:x2:1
# text = The hyoid is the only bone not joined to any other bone.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hyoid	hyoid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the hyoid | the only bone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **join** | participle |  | the only bone *not said here* |  |  |  | to any other bone | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient to bone=Co-Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Muscles of the tongue are attached to the hyoid.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hyoid:x3:1
# text = Muscles of the tongue are attached to the hyoid.
1	Muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	attached	attach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hyoid	hyoid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attach** | present · passive |  | Muscles of the tongue |  |  |  | to the hyoid | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient to hyoid=Co-Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The hyoid helps you swallow and talk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hyoid:x4:1
# text = The hyoid helps you swallow and talk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hyoid	hyoid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the hyoid | you |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **swallow** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **talk** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists study the hyoid of Neanderthals to learn whether they could speak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hyoid:x5:1
# text = Scientists study the hyoid of Neanderthals to learn whether they could speak.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	study	study	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hyoid	hyoid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Neanderthals	neanderthal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **study** | present | Scientists | the hyoid of Neanderthals |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hyoid=Topic |
| 2 | **learn** | to-infinitive | Scientists *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | could | Scientists *= scientist* |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can feel your hyoid move when you swallow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:hyoid:x6:1
# text = You can feel your hyoid move when you swallow.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hyoid	hyoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	move	move	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	swallow	swallow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | can | You | your hyoid move |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent move=Theme |
| 2 | **swallow** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **move** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom move «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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