---
title: iceberg — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «iceberg» in the school dictionary: An iceberg is a huge piece of floating ice that has broken off a glacier or ice sheet and floats in the sea. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# iceberg

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** iceberg, floating ice, tip, you, ship, Polar bears · **What happens:** be, float, break off, mean, not see, hit · **To what, where:** huge piece, glacier, sea, small part, bigger problem, iceberg · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«iceberg» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [iceberg in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/iceberg.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An iceberg is a huge piece of floating ice that has broken off a glacier or ice sheet and floats in the sea.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:m1:1
# text = An iceberg is a huge piece of floating ice that has broken off a glacier or ice sheet and floats in the sea.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	iceberg	iceberg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	floating	float	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	amod	_	_
9	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	off	off	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	glacier	glacier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	sheet	sheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	floats	float	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a iceberg | a huge piece |  |  |  | of floating ice | tree rules |
| 2 | **float** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **break off** | present · perfect | floating ice | a glacier or ice sheet |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer glacier=Patient |
| 4 | **float** | present | floating ice *not said here* |  |  | the sea |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"The tip of the iceberg" means a small part of a much bigger problem that you cannot yet see.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:m2:1
# text = "The tip of the iceberg" means a small part of a much bigger problem that you cannot yet see.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	tip	tip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	iceberg	iceberg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	much	much	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	16	amod	_	_
16	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	obj	_	_
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
19	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
21	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the tip of the iceberg | a small part of a bigger problem |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **see** | can | you | a bigger problem |  |  | yet |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ship hit an iceberg and began to sink.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:x1:1
# text = The ship hit an iceberg and began to sink.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	iceberg	iceberg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	sink	sink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | the ship | a iceberg |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme iceberg=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **begin** | past | the ship *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **sink** | to-infinitive | the ship *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most of an iceberg is hidden under the water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:x2:1
# text = Most of an iceberg is hidden under the water.
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	iceberg	iceberg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	hidden	hide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | present · passive |  | Most of a iceberg |  | the water |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient under water=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Polar bears sometimes rest on icebergs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:x3:1
# text = Polar bears sometimes rest on icebergs.
1	Polar	polar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bears	bear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	rest	rest	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	icebergs	iceberg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rest** | present | Polar bears |  |  | icebergs |  | sometimes *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on iceberg=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The broken window was only the tip of the iceberg.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:x4:1
# text = The broken window was only the tip of the iceberg.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	broken	broken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tip	tip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	iceberg	iceberg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the broken window | the tip |  |  |  | of the iceberg | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had iceberg lettuce in our salad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:x5:1
# text = We had iceberg lettuce in our salad.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	iceberg	iceberg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	lettuce	lettuce	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	salad	salad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | iceberg lettuce |  | our salad |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lettuce=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Icebergs are made of fresh water, not salt water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:x6:1
# text = Icebergs are made of fresh water, not salt water.
1	Icebergs	iceberg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Icebergs |  |  |  | of fresh water and salt water | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sea looked quite green, and large icebergs were floating about, each like a pearl, she said, but larger and loftier than the churches built by men.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceberg:x7:1
# text = The sea looked quite green, and large icebergs were floating about, each like a pearl, she said, but larger and loftier than the churches built by men.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	icebergs	iceberg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	floating	float	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
12	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	obl	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	pearl	pearl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	ccomp	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	loftier	lofty	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	23	conj	_	_
26	than	than	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	_
29	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	acl	_	_
30	by	by	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the sea |  |  |  |  | green *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **float** | past · progressive | large icebergs | each |  |  |  | about *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | sea |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **build** | participle |  | the churches *not said here* |  |  |  | by men | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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