---
title: iceman — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «iceman» in the school dictionary: An iceman was a man who delivered blocks of ice to homes for iceboxes before fridges. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# iceman

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** iceman, man, Scientists, he, You · **What happens:** be, deliver, call, freeze, stay, find · **To what, where:** man, blocks, homes, Iceman, old mummy, Alps · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«iceman» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [iceman in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/iceman.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old, US — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An iceman was a man who delivered blocks of ice to homes for iceboxes before fridges.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:m1:1
# text = An iceman was a man who delivered blocks of ice to homes for iceboxes before fridges.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	iceman	iceman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	blocks	block	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	homes	home	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	iceboxes	icebox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	fridges	fridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | a iceman | a man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **deliver** | past | a man | blocks of ice |  | homes | before fridges | for iceboxes | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent block=Theme to home=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Iceman, called Ötzi, is a 5,300-year-old mummy of a man found frozen in the Alps between Italy and Austria in 1991.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:m2:1
# text = The Iceman, called Ötzi, is a 5,300-year-old mummy of a man found frozen in the Alps between Italy and Austria in 1991.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Iceman	Iceman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
5	Ötzi	Ötzi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
9	5,300	5,300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	mummy	mummy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
18	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Alps	Alp	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
23	between	between	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	Austria	Austria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	1991	1991	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | the Iceman *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the Iceman | a old mummy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **freeze** | past · passive | the Iceman *not said here* |  |  | the Alps |  | of a man; between Italy and Austria; in 1991 | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V» |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An «iceman» is a nickname for someone who stays very calm under pressure.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:m3:1
# text = An «iceman» is a nickname for someone who stays very calm under pressure.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	iceman	iceman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	nickname	nickname	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nmod	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a iceman | a nickname |  |  |  | for someone | tree rules |
| 2 | **stay** | present |  |  |  | pressure |  | calm *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under pressure=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ötzi the Iceman was found in the Alps in 1991.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:x1:1
# text = Ötzi the Iceman was found in the Alps in 1991.
1	Ötzi	Ötzi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Iceman	Iceman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Alps	Alp	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	1991	1991	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · passive |  | Ötzi |  | the Alps |  | in 1991 | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Iceman had tattoos and a copper axe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:x2:1
# text = The Iceman had tattoos and a copper axe.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Iceman	Iceman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	tattoos	tattoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	copper	copper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	axe	axe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Iceman | tattoos and a copper axe |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tattoo=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists found out what the Iceman ate for his last meal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:x3:1
# text = Scientists found out what the Iceman ate for his last meal.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	7	obj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Iceman	Iceman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find out** | past | Scientists |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **eat** | past | the Iceman |  |  |  |  | for Iceman's last meal | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Before fridges, the iceman delivered ice to houses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:x4:1
# text = Before fridges, the iceman delivered ice to houses.
1	Before	before	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	fridges	fridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	iceman	iceman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deliver** | past | the iceman | ice |  | houses | before fridges |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ice=Theme to house=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The goalkeeper was called «the Iceman» because he never panicked.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:x5:1
# text = The goalkeeper was called «the Iceman» because he never panicked.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goalkeeper	goalkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Iceman	Iceman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	panicked	panic	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive |  | the goalkeeper |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **panic** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn bully-59.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can see the Iceman in a museum in Bolzano, Italy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iceman:x6:1
# text = You can see the Iceman in a museum in Bolzano, Italy.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Iceman	Iceman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Bolzano	Bolzano	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | can | You | the Iceman |  | a museum in Bolzano and Italy |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer iceman=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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