---
title: icicle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «icicle» in the school dictionary: A long, pointed piece of ice that hangs down, made when dripping water freezes. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# icicle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** long pointed piece, dripping water, Icicles, you, cave, We · **What happens:** hang down, make, drip, freeze, hang, not stand · **To what, where:** edge, icicle, sunshine, big icicles, icicles, frozen waterfall

<!-- .vabout -->
«icicle» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [icicle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/icicle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A long, pointed piece of ice that hangs down, made when dripping water freezes.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:m1:1
# text = A long, pointed piece of ice that hangs down, made when dripping water freezes.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	pointed	pointed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hangs	hang	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	_
13	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
14	dripping	drip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	amod	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	freezes	freeze	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang down** | present | a long pointed piece of ice |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **make** | participle | a long pointed piece of ice *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **drip** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 4 | **freeze** | present | dripping water |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Icicles hung from the edge of the roof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:x1:1
# text = Icicles hung from the edge of the roof.
1	Icicles	icicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | participle | Icicles |  |  | the edge of the roof |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The icicle dripped in the sunshine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:x2:1
# text = The icicle dripped in the sunshine.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	icicle	icicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	dripped	drip	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drip** | participle |  | the icicle *not said here* |  | the sunshine |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't stand under big icicles; they can fall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:x3:1
# text = Don't stand under big icicles; they can fall.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	stand	stand	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	under	under	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	icicles	icicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **stand** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | big icicles |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under icicle=Location |
| 2 | **fall** | can | icicles *= icicle* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cave had icicles as long as my arm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:x4:1
# text = The cave had icicles as long as my arm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	icicles	icicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the cave | icicles |  |  |  | long *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent icicle=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We saw icicles on the frozen waterfall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:x5:1
# text = We saw icicles on the frozen waterfall.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	icicles	icicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	waterfall	waterfall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | We | icicles |  | the frozen waterfall |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer icicle=Stimulus |
| 2 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Icicles form when water drips and freezes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:x6:1
# text = Icicles form when water drips and freezes.
1	Icicles	icicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	drips	drip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	freezes	freeze	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | Icicles | water drips |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location drip=Theme |
| 2 | **freeze** | present | Icicles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Just by stood a thorn-bush; it had neither leaf nor flower, for it was the cold winter time, and icicles hung on the branches.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:icicle:x7:1
# text = Just by stood a thorn-bush; it had neither leaf nor flower, for it was the cold winter time, and icicles hung on the branches.
1	Just	just	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	thorn	thorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	14	cc	_	_
14	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
21	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	icicles	icicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
26	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	acl	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	branches	branch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past |  | a thorn bush |  |  |  | icicles *obl* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bush=Stimulus |
| 2 | **have** | past | bush | neither leaf nor flower |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | past | bush |  |  |  | for the cold winter time |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **hang** | participle |  | icicles *not said here* |  | the branches |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on branch=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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