---
title: ii — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ii» in the school dictionary: The Roman numeral for 2, written ii or II. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ii

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Roman numeral, Chapter, II, 2 · **What happens:** write, use, show, mean, read, begin · **To what, where:** ii, Elizabeth, lists, 2, page, clock face

<!-- .vabout -->
«ii» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ii in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ii.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Roman numeral for 2, written ii or II.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:m1:1
# text = The Roman numeral for 2, written ii or II.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
8	ii	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle | the Roman numeral for 2 *not said here* | ii |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ii=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Used in lists and in names to show «the second»: «Elizabeth II», «part ii», «World War II».

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:m2:1
# text = Used in lists and in names to show «the second»: «Elizabeth II», «part ii», «World War II».
1	Used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	lists	list	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Elizabeth	Elizabeth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
16	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	15	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
21	ii	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	20	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	World	World	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
27	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	26	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | Elizabeth |  | lists and names |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **show** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Roman numeral II means 2.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:x1:1
# text = The Roman numeral II means 2.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the Roman numeral | 2 |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Answer question (ii) on the worksheet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:x2:1
# text = Answer question (ii) on the worksheet.
1	Answer	answer	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	ii	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	worksheet	worksheet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Queen Elizabeth II is read as «Queen Elizabeth the Second».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:x3:1
# text = Queen Elizabeth II is read as «Queen Elizabeth the Second».
1	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:desc	_	_
2	Elizabeth	Elizabeth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	read	read	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:desc	_	_
9	Elizabeth	Elizabeth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Second	Second	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | present · passive |  | Elizabeth  Queen |  |  |  | as Elizabeth  Queen | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as elizabeth=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chapter II begins on page 20.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:x4:1
# text = Chapter II begins on page 20.
1	Chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	_
3	begins	begin	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | present | Chapter |  |  | page |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the clock face, II stands where the 2 should be.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:x5:1
# text = On the clock face, II stands where the 2 should be.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	7	nsubj	_	_
7	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nsubj	_	_
11	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | II |  |  | the clock face |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | should | the 2 |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
III minus II equals I.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ii:x6:1
# text = III minus II equals I.
1	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
2	minus	minus	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	1	nmod	_	_
4	equals	equal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	I.	I.	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	4	flat:foreign	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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