---
title: iii — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «iii» in the school dictionary: III is the Roman numeral for 3, written with three I's. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# iii

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** III, clock, you, film · **What happens:** be, write, mean, show, read, call · **To what, where:** Roman numeral, third, III, Richard king, Chapter, cousin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«iii» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [iii in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/iii.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
III is the Roman numeral for 3, written with three I's.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:m1:1
# text = III is the Roman numeral for 3, written with three I's.
1	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	numeral	numeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	obl	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | III | the Roman numeral |  |  |  | for 3 | tree rules |
| 2 | **write** | participle |  | the Roman numeral *not said here* |  |  |  | with three | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a name, III means «the third», as in Henry III or John Smith III.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:m2:1
# text = After a name, III means «the third», as in Henry III or John Smith III.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	6	nsubj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Henry	Henry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
15	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	14	flat	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	John	John	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	Smith	Smith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	flat	_	_
19	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	17	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | III | the third |  |  | after a name | as Henry or John | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent third=Topic as henry=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It can number a part or chapter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:m3:1
# text = It can number a part or chapter.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Part III, Act III.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:m3e:1
# text = Part III, Act III.
1	Part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	Act	Act	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
5	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The clock shows III where the number 3 would be.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:x1:1
# text = The clock shows III where the number 3 would be.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	3	obj	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	flat	_	_
9	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the clock | III |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent iii=Recipient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Richard III was king of England.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:x2:1
# text = Richard III was king of England.
1	Richard	Richard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
2	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	England	England	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | Richard king |  |  |  | of England | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Read Chapter III for homework.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:x3:1
# text = Read Chapter III for homework.
1	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	Chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | imperative | you *not said here* | Chapter |  |  |  | for homework | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chapter=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
III + II = V in Roman numerals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:x4:1
# text = III + II = V in Roman numerals.
1	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
2	+	+	SYM	SYM	_	3	cc	_	_
3	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	1	conj	_	_
4	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	5	punct	_	_
5	V	v	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod:unmarked	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My cousin is called Robert Jones III, after his dad and grandad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:x5:1
# text = My cousin is called Robert Jones III, after his dad and grandad.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	Robert	Robert	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	xcomp	_	_
6	Jones	Jones	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	_
7	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | My cousin |  |  | after Robert's dad and grandad |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The film had a sequel called «Part III».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:x6:1
# text = The film had a sequel called «Part III».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sequel	sequel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Part	Part	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	_
9	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	8	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the film | a sequel |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sequel=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | participle |  | a sequel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Roman numerals, III means three ones added together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iii:x7:1
# text = In Roman numerals, III means three ones added together.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	numerals	numeral	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	6	nsubj	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | III | three ones |  |  |  | in Roman numerals | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot one=Theme in numeral=Attribute |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  | three ones *not said here* |  |  |  | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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