---
title: illegally — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «illegally» in the school dictionary: Illegally means in a way that is against the law. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# illegally

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**Who acts:** way, Films, man, It, They · **What happens:** mean, be, park, download, carry, dump · **To what, where:** car, zigzag lines, viruses, rubbish, woods, it

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«illegally» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [illegally in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/illegally.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Illegally means in a way that is against the law.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illegally:m1:1
# text = Illegally means in a way that is against the law.
1	Illegally	illegally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in a way; illegally *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | present | a way |  |  |  |  | against the law | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car was parked illegally on the zigzag lines outside school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illegally:x1:1
# text = The car was parked illegally on the zigzag lines outside school.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	parked	park	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	illegally	illegally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	zigzag	zigzag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **park** | past · passive |  | the car |  | the zigzag lines outside school |  | illegally *property* | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on line=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Films downloaded illegally can carry viruses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illegally:x2:1
# text = Films downloaded illegally can carry viruses.
1	Films	film	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	downloaded	download	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	illegally	illegally	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **download** | past | Films |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | can | Films *not said here* | viruses |  |  |  | illegally *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent virus=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rubbish was dumped illegally in the woods.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illegally:x3:1
# text = The rubbish was dumped illegally in the woods.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	dumped	dump	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	illegally	illegally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dump** | past · passive |  | the rubbish |  | the woods |  | illegally *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme in wood=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The man was fishing illegally without a licence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illegally:x4:1
# text = The man was fishing illegally without a licence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fishing	fish	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	illegally	illegally	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	licence	licence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fish** | past · progressive | the man |  |  |  |  | without a licence; illegally *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is against the rules, but is it done illegally?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illegally:x5:1
# text = It is against the rules, but is it done illegally?
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	against	against	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
11	illegally	illegally	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | against the rules | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  | illegally *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They illegally sold fireworks to children.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illegally:x6:1
# text = They illegally sold fireworks to children.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	illegally	illegally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fireworks	firework	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | past | They | fireworks | children |  |  | illegally *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent firework=Theme to child=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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