---
title: illogical — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «illogical» in the school dictionary: Illogical means not making sense, or not following the rules of good reasoning. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# illogical

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Illogical, good reasoning, feeling, It, argument, His · **What happens:** mean, not make, not follow, rule, describe, have · **To what, where:** sense, rules, feeling, good reason, reason, sunglasses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«illogical» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [illogical in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/illogical.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Illogical means not making sense, or not following the rules of good reasoning.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:m1:1
# text = Illogical means not making sense, or not following the rules of good reasoning.
1	Illogical	Illogical	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
5	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Illogical |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **make** | gerund |  | sense |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sense=Product |
| 3 | **not** **follow** | gerund |  | the rules of good reasoning |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme |
| 4 | **rule** |  | good reasoning |  |  |  |  |  | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Illogical describes a feeling or action that has no good reason behind it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:m2:1
# text = Illogical describes a feeling or action that has no good reason behind it.
1	Illogical	Illogical	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
10	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | Illogical | a feeling or action |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent feeling=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | a feeling or action | no good reason |  | reason |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is illogical to wear sunglasses to read in the dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:x1:1
# text = It is illogical to wear sunglasses to read in the dark.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	illogical	illogical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	wear	wear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	sunglasses	sunglasses	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | illogical *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **wear** | to-infinitive |  | sunglasses |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent sunglasses=Source |
| 3 | **read** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the dark |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His argument was illogical because it contradicted itself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:x2:1
# text = His argument was illogical because it contradicted itself.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	illogical	illogical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	contradicted	contradict	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | His argument |  |  |  |  | illogical *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **contradict** | past | argument | argument |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **argue** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom argument «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I know my fear of spiders is illogical, but I still scream.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:x3:1
# text = I know my fear of spiders is illogical, but I still scream.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	illogical	illogical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	still	still	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	scream	scream	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | present | my fear of spiders |  |  |  |  | illogical *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **scream** *speech: express* | present | I |  |  |  | still |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **fear** |  | my | spiders |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saying «all cats are pets, so all pets are cats» is illogical.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:x4:1
# text = Saying «all cats are pets, so all pets are cats» is illogical.
1	Saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	csubj	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	illogical	illogical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | all cats | pets |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | all pets | cats |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | Saying |  |  |  |  | illogical *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rule seemed illogical until the teacher explained it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:x5:1
# text = The rule seemed illogical until the teacher explained it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	illogical	illogical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | the rule |  |  |  |  | illogical *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the teacher | rule |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mr Spock raised an eyebrow and said, «Illogical.»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:x6:1
# text = Mr Spock raised an eyebrow and said, «Illogical.»
1	Mr	Mr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Spock	Spock	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	eyebrow	eyebrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Illogical	Illogical	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | past | Mr | a eyebrow |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eyebrow=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Mr *not said here* | Illogical |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Changing the answer without checking was an illogical move.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:illogical:x7:1
# text = Changing the answer without checking was an illogical move.
1	Changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	checking	check	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	illogical	illogical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	move	move	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | gerund |  | the answer |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Patient |
| 2 | **check** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | past | Changing | a illogical move |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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