---
title: immigrant — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «immigrant» in the school dictionary: An immigrant is a person who has come to live in a new country from another country. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# immigrant

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** immigrant, person, people, grandparents, Many immigrants, immigrant family · **What happens:** be, come, live, describe, move, arrive · **To what, where:** person, new country, people, immigrants, Italy, New York

<!-- .vabout -->
«immigrant» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [immigrant in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/immigrant.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An immigrant is a person who has come to live in a new country from another country.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:m1:1
# text = An immigrant is a person who has come to live in a new country from another country.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	17	det	_	_
17	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a immigrant | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | present · perfect | a person |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  | a new country from another country |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective, immigrant describes people or families who have moved to a new country.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:m2:1
# text = As an adjective, immigrant describes people or families who have moved to a new country.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | immigrant | people or families |  |  |  | as a adjective | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent people=Theme as adjective=Attribute |
| 2 | **move** | present · perfect | people or families |  |  | a new country |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to country=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My grandparents were immigrants from Italy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:x1:1
# text = My grandparents were immigrants from Italy.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Italy	Italy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | My grandparents | immigrants |  | Italy |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many immigrants arrived in New York by ship.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:x2:1
# text = Many immigrants arrived in New York by ship.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	arrived	arrive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
6	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | past | Many immigrants |  |  | New York |  | by ship | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The immigrant family opened a bakery in our town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:x3:1
# text = The immigrant family opened a bakery in our town.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	immigrant	immigrant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bakery	bakery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | the immigrant family | a bakery |  | our town |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent bakery=Theme in town=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Immigrants bring their food, music and languages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:x4:1
# text = Immigrants bring their food, music and languages.
1	Immigrants	immigrant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bring	bring	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | Immigrants | Immigrants's food and music and languages |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent food=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is a first-generation immigrant; her children were born here.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:x5:1
# text = She is a first-generation immigrant; her children were born here.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	generation	generation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	immigrant	immigrant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
13	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | She | a generation immigrant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bear** | past · passive |  | her children |  | here |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Out of 30 pupils, 9 were born in another country.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:x6:1
# text = Out of 30 pupils, 9 were born in another country.
1	Out	out	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | past · passive |  | 9 |  | another country |  | out 30 pupils | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia has welcomed immigrants from all over the world.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immigrant:x7:1
# text = Australia has welcomed immigrants from all over the world.
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	welcomed	welcome	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	immigrants	immigrant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	all	all	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **welcome** | present · perfect · passive |  | Australia |  | the world |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme immigrant=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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