---
title: immobilise — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «immobilise» in the school dictionary: To stop someone or something from moving or working. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# immobilise

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** part, first aider, bite, spider, Snow, car · **What happens:** stop, move, work, keep, not get, start · **To what, where:** someone, injured body part, vehicle, sling, broken arm, fly

<!-- .vabout -->
«immobilise» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [immobilise in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/immobilise.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To stop someone or something from moving or working.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:m1:1
# text = To stop someone or something from moving or working.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	conj	_	_
6	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	moving	move	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality someone=Eventuality |
| 2 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **work** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: first aid — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To keep an injured body part still, for example with a splint or sling, so it does not get worse.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:m2:1
# text = To keep an injured body part still, for example with a splint or sling, so it does not get worse.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	injured	injured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	splint	splint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	sling	sling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
22	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	21	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | a injured body part |  |  | still | for example with a splint or sling | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **get** | present · do-support | part |  |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To stop a vehicle from being started, as with a car alarm or wheel clamp.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:m3:1
# text = To stop a vehicle from being started, as with a car alarm or wheel clamp.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	started	start	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	alarm	alarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	clamp	clamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | to-infinitive |  | a vehicle |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality vehicle=Eventuality |
| 2 | **start** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  | as a car alarm or wheel and clamp | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V» |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The first-aider used a sling to immobilise my broken arm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:x1:1
# text = The first-aider used a sling to immobilise my broken arm.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	aider	aider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sling	sling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	immobilise	immobilise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | the first aider | a sling |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sling=Patient |
| 2 | **immobilise** | to-infinitive | the first aider *not said here* | my broken arm |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **break** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spider's bite immobilises the fly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:x2:1
# text = The spider's bite immobilises the fly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spider	spider	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	bite	bite	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	immobilises	immobilis	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fly	fly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **immobilis** | present | the spider's bite | the fly |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bite** |  | the spider |  |  |  |  |  | nom bite «state transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Snow and ice immobilised the whole town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:x3:1
# text = Snow and ice immobilised the whole town.
1	Snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	immobilised	immobilis	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **immobilis** | participle | Snow and ice | the whole town |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car has a device that immobilises the engine if it's stolen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:x4:1
# text = The car has a device that immobilises the engine if it's stolen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	immobilises	immobilis	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the car | a device |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent device=Patient |
| 2 | **immobilis** | present | a device | the engine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **steal** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | car |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't move someone who might have hurt their neck; paramedics will immobilise it.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:x5:1
# text = Don't move someone who might have hurt their neck; paramedics will immobilise it.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	move	move	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux	_	_
8	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	paramedics	paramedic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
13	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	immobilise	immobilise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **move** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme someone=Result |
| 2 | **hurt** | might · perfect · passive |  | their neck |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer neck=Result |
| 3 | **immobilise** | future | paramedics | neck |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cold immobilised the lizard until the sun warmed it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immobilise:x6:1
# text = The cold immobilised the lizard until the sun warmed it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	immobilised	immobilis	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lizard	lizard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	warmed	warm	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **immobilis** | participle | the cold | the lizard |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **warm** | past | the sun | lizard |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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