---
title: immunity — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «immunity» in the school dictionary: The body's ability to fight off a disease so that you do not catch it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# immunity

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, Vaccines, body, most people, Ambassadors, person · **What happens:** fight off, not catch, punish, help, build, have · **To what, where:** disease, Protection, body, immunity, diplomatic immunity, hands

<!-- .vabout -->
«immunity» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [immunity in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/immunity.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body's ability to fight off a disease so that you do not catch it.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:m1:1
# text = The body's ability to fight off a disease so that you do not catch it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight off** | to-infinitive |  | a disease |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disease=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **not** **catch** | present · do-support | you | disease |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Protection from being punished or from a law: «diplomatic immunity».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:m2:1
# text = Protection from being punished or from a law: «diplomatic immunity».
1	Protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	diplomatic	diplomatic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | gerund · passive |  | Protection |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Freedom from something unpleasant.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:m3:1
# text = Freedom from something unpleasant.
1	Freedom	freedom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	nmod	_	_
4	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Vaccines help your body build immunity to diseases.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:x1:1
# text = Vaccines help your body build immunity to diseases.
1	Vaccines	vaccine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	diseases	disease	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Vaccines | your body |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **build** | infinitive | your body *not said here* | immunity |  |  |  | to diseases | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset immunity=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After chickenpox, most people have immunity for life.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:x2:1
# text = After chickenpox, most people have immunity for life.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	chickenpox	chickenpox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | most people | immunity |  |  | after chickenpox | for life | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent immunity=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ambassadors have diplomatic immunity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:x3:1
# text = Ambassadors have diplomatic immunity.
1	Ambassadors	ambassador	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	diplomatic	diplomatic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Ambassadors | diplomatic immunity |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent immunity=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Washing hands and sleeping well support your immunity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:x4:1
# text = Washing hands and sleeping well support your immunity.
1	Washing	wash	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
5	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
6	support	support	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wash** | gerund |  | hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 2 | **sleep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **support** | infinitive |  | your immunity |  |  |  | well *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer immunity=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the game, the person holding the ball has immunity.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:x5:1
# text = In the game, the person holding the ball has immunity.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | gerund | the person *not said here* | the ball |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | the person | immunity |  | the game |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent immunity=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Herd immunity happens when enough people are protected from a disease.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:immunity:x6:1
# text = Herd immunity happens when enough people are protected from a disease.
1	Herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
5	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	protected	protect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | Herd immunity |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **protect** | present · passive |  | enough people |  |  |  | from a disease | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Beneficiary from disease=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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