---
title: impermeable — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «impermeable» in the school dictionary: Impermeable means not letting water, air or other liquids and gases pass through. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# impermeable

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Impermeable, letting water, something, Clay, water, We · **What happens:** mean, not let, pass through, describe, not affect, make · **To what, where:** person, raincoat, top, paper, impermeable concrete, drains · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«impermeable» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [impermeable in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/impermeable.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Impermeable means not letting water, air or other liquids and gases pass through.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:m1:1
# text = Impermeable means not letting water, air or other liquids and gases pass through.
1	Impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	letting	let	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	liquids	liquid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	gases	gas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	pass	pass	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
14	through	through	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Impermeable |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **let** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pass through** | present | letting water and air or other liquids and gases |  |  |  |  | through *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Impermeable can describe a person who is not affected by something, like criticism.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:m2:1
# text = Impermeable can describe a person who is not affected by something, like criticism.
1	Impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	reparandum	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	describe	describe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	affected	affect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	criticism	criticism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | can |  | a person |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent person=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **affect** | present · passive | something | a person |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A raincoat is made of impermeable material.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:x1:1
# text = A raincoat is made of impermeable material.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	raincoat	raincoat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | a raincoat |  |  |  | of impermeable material | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clay is impermeable, so water collects on top of it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:x2:1
# text = Clay is impermeable, so water collects on top of it.
1	Clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	collects	collect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Clay |  |  |  |  | impermeable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **collect** | present | water |  |  | top of Clay |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We tested paper, foil and cotton to see which was impermeable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:x3:1
# text = We tested paper, foil and cotton to see which was impermeable.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tested	test	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	foil	foil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	cotton	cotton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past | We | paper and foil and cotton |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | impermeable *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pond liner is impermeable to water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:x4:1
# text = The pond liner is impermeable to water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	liner	liner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the pond liner |  |  |  |  | to water; impermeable *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glass is impermeable, but a sponge is not.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:x5:1
# text = Glass is impermeable, but a sponge is not.
1	Glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sponge	sponge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Glass |  |  |  |  | impermeable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** | present | a sponge |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water ran off the impermeable concrete into the drains.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:x6:1
# text = Water ran off the impermeable concrete into the drains.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	concrete	concrete	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	drains	drain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run off** | past | Water | the impermeable concrete |  | the drains |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent concrete=Theme into drain=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She seemed impermeable to the teasing and just smiled.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impermeable:x7:1
# text = She seemed impermeable to the teasing and just smiled.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	teasing	teasing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | She |  |  |  |  | impermeable *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **smile** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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