---
title: impregnate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «impregnate» in the school dictionary: To soak or fill something completely with a substance: wood impregnated with oil. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# impregnate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** baby, smoke, Farmers, chemical · **What happens:** soak, fill, impregnate, make, start, grow · **To what, where:** something, wood, female animal, fence posts, posts, cloth

<!-- .vabout -->
«impregnate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [impregnate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/impregnate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To soak or fill something completely with a substance: wood impregnated with oil.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:m1:1
# text = To soak or fill something completely with a substance: wood impregnated with oil.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	soak	soak	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
12	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **soak** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **fill** | infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | with a substance; completely *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent something=Patient with substance=Instrument |
| 3 | **impregnate** | participle |  | wood *not said here* |  |  |  | with oil | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with oil=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: biology — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make a female animal pregnant, so that a baby starts to grow inside her.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:m2:1
# text = To make a female animal pregnant, so that a baby starts to grow inside her.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	female	female	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	pregnant	pregnant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	12	mark	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
15	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a female animal |  |  |  | pregnant *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset animal=Product |
| 2 | **start** | present | a baby |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **grow** | to-infinitive | a baby *not said here* |  |  |  |  | inside baby | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside she=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fence posts were impregnated with a chemical to stop them rotting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:x1:1
# text = The fence posts were impregnated with a chemical to stop them rotting.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	posts	post	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	chemical	chemical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	rotting	rot	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **impregnate** | past · passive |  | the fence posts |  |  |  | with a chemical | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with chemical=Theme |
| 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive |  | posts *= post* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **rot** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cloth was impregnated with wax to make it waterproof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:x2:1
# text = The cloth was impregnated with wax to make it waterproof.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	waterproof	waterproof	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **impregnate** | past · passive |  | the cloth |  |  |  | with wax | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with wax=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | cloth |  |  |  | waterproof *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bandage is impregnated with antiseptic.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:x3:1
# text = The bandage is impregnated with antiseptic.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bandage	bandage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	antiseptic	antiseptic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **impregnate** | present · passive |  | the bandage |  |  |  | with antiseptic | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with antiseptic=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The air was impregnated with the smell of smoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:x4:1
# text = The air was impregnated with the smell of smoke.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **impregnate** | past · passive |  | the air |  |  |  | with the smell of smoke | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with smell=Theme |
| 2 | **smell** |  | smoke |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Farmers keep the bull separate until they want the cows impregnated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:x5:1
# text = Farmers keep the bull separate until they want the cows impregnated.
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	separate	separate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
6	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Farmers | the bull |  |  |  | separate *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bull=Theme |
| 2 | **want** | present | Farmers *= farmer* | the cows |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cow=Theme |
| 3 | **impregnate** | participle |  | the cows *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The matches are impregnated with a chemical that helps them light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:impregnate:x6:1
# text = The matches are impregnated with a chemical that helps them light.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	matches	match	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	impregnated	impregnate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chemical	chemical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **impregnate** | present · passive |  | the matches |  |  |  | with a chemical | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with chemical=Theme |
| 2 | **help** | present | a chemical | matches *= match* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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