---
title: improper — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «improper» in the school dictionary: Not suitable or not polite for the situation. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# improper

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** top number, you, 5/5, Improper use, It, bin · **What happens:** not follow, be, turn, mix, cause, use · **To what, where:** rules, improper fraction, mixed number, fall, ladder, improper · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«improper» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [improper in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/improper.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not suitable or not polite for the situation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:m1:1
# text = Not suitable or not polite for the situation.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	suitable	suitable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	polite	polite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not correct or not following the rules.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:m2:1
# text = Not correct or not following the rules.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **follow** | gerund |  | the rules |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In maths: «improper fraction» — a fraction whose top number is equal to or bigger than the bottom number, like 7/4.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:m3:1
# text = In maths: «improper fraction» — a fraction whose top number is equal to or bigger than the bottom number, like 7/4.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	improper	improper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	fraction	fraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fraction	fraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
11	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	13	nmod:poss	_	_
12	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	obl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	15	conj	_	_
19	than	than	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	like	like	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	7/4	7/4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | top number |  |  |  |  | equal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | top number *not said here* |  |  |  |  | than the bottom number; like 7/4 | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turn the improper fraction 9/4 into a mixed number.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:x1:1
# text = Turn the improper fraction 9/4 into a mixed number.
1	Turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	improper	improper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	fraction	fraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	9/4	9/4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	flat	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* | the improper fraction |  | a mixed number |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent fraction=Theme into number=Trajectory |
| 2 | **mix** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
5/5 is an improper fraction equal to 1.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:x2:1
# text = 5/5 is an improper fraction equal to 1.
1	5/5	5/5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	improper	improper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	fraction	fraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | 5/5 |  |  |  |  | to 1; equal *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Improper use of the ladder caused the fall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:x3:1
# text = Improper use of the ladder caused the fall.
1	Improper	Improper	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ladder	ladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | past | Improper use of the ladder | the fall |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition fall=Patient |
| 2 | **use** |  |  | the ladder |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is improper to shout in the library.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:x4:1
# text = It is improper to shout in the library.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	improper	improper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	shout	shout	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | improper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the library |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bin was full of improper waste.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:x5:1
# text = The bin was full of improper waste.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	improper	improper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the bin |  |  |  |  | of improper waste; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He made an improper comment and had to apologise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:x6:1
# text = He made an improper comment and had to apologise.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	improper	improper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	comment	comment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	apologise	apologise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | He | a improper comment |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comment=Product |
| 2 | **have** | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **apologise** *speech: apologize* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"'I think it highly improper,' said the tea-kettle, who was kitchen singer, and half-brother to the tea-urn, 'that a rich foreign bird should be listened to here.

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:improper:x7:1
# text = "'I think it highly improper,' said the tea-kettle, who was kitchen singer, and half-brother to the tea-urn, 'that a rich foreign bird should be listened to here.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	highly	highly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	improper	improper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	kettle	kettle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	singer	singer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	ccomp	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
27	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	urn	urn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
34	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
35	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj:pass	_	_
37	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
38	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	aux:pass	_	_
39	listened	listen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	ccomp	_	_
40	to	to	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **improper** *in a quote* |  | it |  |  |  |  | highly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past |  | the tea kettle and kitchen singer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | past | the tea kettle and kitchen singer | kitchen singer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **listen** *in a quote* | should · passive |  | a rich foreign bird |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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