---
title: incandescent — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «incandescent» in the school dictionary: Giving out bright light because it is very hot, as in an incandescent light bulb. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# incandescent

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** light, incandescent bulb, lava, LED bulbs, smile, Her · **What happens:** give out, be, get, scratch, use, smile · **To what, where:** bright light, incandescent, iron incandescent, fire, Dad incandescent, less energy

<!-- .vabout -->
«incandescent» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [incandescent in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/incandescent.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giving out bright light because it is very hot, as in an incandescent light bulb.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:m1:1
# text = Giving out bright light because it is very hot, as in an incandescent light bulb.
1	Giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	very	very	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
15	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give out** | gerund |  | bright light |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent light=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | light |  |  |  |  | as a incandescent light bulb; hot *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Extremely angry, as in «incandescent with rage».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:m2:1
# text = Extremely angry, as in «incandescent with rage».
1	Extremely	extremely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	angry	angry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rage	rage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very bright, brilliant or full of feeling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:m3:1
# text = Very bright, brilliant or full of feeling.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	brilliant	brilliant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An incandescent bulb gets very hot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:x1:1
# text = An incandescent bulb gets very hot.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | a incandescent bulb |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lava was incandescent and orange.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:x2:1
# text = The lava was incandescent and orange.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	orange	orange	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the lava | incandescent and orange |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The blacksmith's iron was incandescent in the fire.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:x3:1
# text = The blacksmith's iron was incandescent in the fire.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blacksmith	blacksmith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | the blacksmith's iron incandescent |  | the fire |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad was incandescent with rage about the scratched car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:x4:1
# text = Dad was incandescent with rage about the scratched car.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	rage	rage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	scratched	scratch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | Dad incandescent |  |  |  | with rage about the scratched car | tree rules |
| 2 | **scratch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
LED bulbs use less energy than incandescent ones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:x5:1
# text = LED bulbs use less energy than incandescent ones.
1	LED	led	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bulbs	bulb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | LED bulbs | less energy |  |  |  | than incandescent ones | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her smile was incandescent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:incandescent:x6:1
# text = Her smile was incandescent.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	incandescent	incandescent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Her smile | incandescent |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **smile** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom smile «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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