---
title: independent — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «independent» in the school dictionary: Able to do things for yourself without needing help from others. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# independent

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** country, you, independent person, party, little brother, USA · **What happens:** do, need, rule, not control, not connect, control · **To what, where:** things, help, others, country, variable thing, purpose

<!-- .vabout -->
«independent» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [independent in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/independent.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Able to do things for yourself without needing help from others.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:m1:1
# text = Able to do things for yourself without needing help from others.
1	Able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obl	_	_
7	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	needing	need	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	_
9	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | things |  |  |  | for yourself | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
| 2 | **need** | gerund |  | help |  | others |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of a country: ruling itself, not controlled by another country.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:m2:1
# text = Of a country: ruling itself, not controlled by another country.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	ruling	rule	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
6	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	controlled	control	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rule** | gerund | a country *not said here* | country |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **control** | participle | a country *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by another country | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not connected with or controlled by something else: «an independent school», «an independent shop».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:m3:1
# text = Not connected with or controlled by something else: «an independent school», «an independent shop».
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	connected	connect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	2	obl	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	controlled	control	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	_
8	else	else	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **connect** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **control** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by something | vn enforce-63 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: maths/science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An «independent variable» is the thing you change on purpose in an experiment.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:m4:1
# text = An «independent variable» is the thing you change on purpose in an experiment.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
2	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	variable	variable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	experiment	experiment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a variable thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **change** | present | you | a variable thing *not said here* |  | purpose |  | in a experiment | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An independent is a person who does not belong to any party or group and makes up their own mind.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:m5:1
# text = An independent is a person who does not belong to any party or group and makes up their own mind.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	belong	belong	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	det	_	_
12	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a independent person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **belong** | present · do-support | a independent person |  |  |  |  | to any party or group | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make up** | present | a independent person *not said here* | party's own mind |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot |
| 4 | **mind** |  | party |  |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My little brother wants to be independent and tie his own shoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x1:1
# text = My little brother wants to be independent and tie his own shoes.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	tie	tie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | My little brother |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | My little brother *not said here* |  |  |  |  | independent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **tie** | infinitive | My little brother *not said here* | brother's own shoes |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The USA became independent from Britain after a war long ago.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x2:1
# text = The USA became independent from Britain after a war long ago.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
11	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | the USA |  |  |  | after a war | ago, independent *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She goes to an independent school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x3:1
# text = She goes to an independent school.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | She |  |  | a independent school |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We bought bread from an independent bakery.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x4:1
# text = We bought bread from an independent bakery.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bakery	bakery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | We | bread |  | a independent bakery |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bread=Theme from bakery=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In our test, the independent variable was the amount of water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x5:1
# text = In our test, the independent variable was the amount of water.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	variable	variable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the independent variable | the amount |  | our test |  | of water | tree rules |
| 2 | **test** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cats are more independent than dogs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x6:1
# text = Cats are more independent than dogs.
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Cats |  |  |  |  | than dogs; independent *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Learning to cook makes you more independent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x7:1
# text = Learning to cook makes you more independent.
1	Learning	learn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	cook	cook	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **cook** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | present | Learning | you |  |  |  | independent *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It certainly prevented Perrault from being a thorough scholar, though it made him a man of taste, a sincere independent, and an undaunted amateur.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:independent:x8:1
# text = It certainly prevented Perrault from being a thorough scholar, though it made him a man of taste, a sincere independent, and an undaunted amateur.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	prevented	prevent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Perrault	Perrault	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	thorough	thorough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	scholar	scholar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	sincere	sincere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	undaunted	undaunted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	amateur	amateur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prevent** | past | It | Perrault |  |  |  | certainly *property* | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer perrault=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  | a thorough scholar |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | past | scholar | a man of taste | Perrault |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset he=Beneficiary man=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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