---
title: industrialisation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «industrialisation» in the school dictionary: The change of a country or area from farming and handwork to factories, machines and big industry. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# industrialisation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** country, particular Industrial Revolution, Industrialisation, many children, Industrialisation made cities, Smoke · **What happens:** change, spread, work, make, grow, pollute · **To what, where:** Europe, Britain, farms, air, country, rapid industrialisation

<!-- .vabout -->
«industrialisation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [industrialisation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/industrialisation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The change of a country or area from farming and handwork to factories, machines and big industry.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:m1:1
# text = The change of a country or area from farming and handwork to factories, machines and big industry.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	farming	farming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	handwork	handwork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	factories	factory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	industry	industry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** |  | a country |  |  |  |  | to factories and machines and big industry | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent to=obl |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In particular the Industrial Revolution in Britain from about 1760, which then spread to Europe, North America and the world.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:m2:1
# text = In particular the Industrial Revolution in Britain from about 1760, which then spread to Europe, North America and the world.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Industrial	industrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Revolution	Revolution	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	about	about	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	1760	1760	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	advmod	_	_
14	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | the particular Industrial Revolution in Britain from 1760 |  | Europe and North America and the world |  | then |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Industrialisation changed Britain from farms to factories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:x1:1
# text = Industrialisation changed Britain from farms to factories.
1	Industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	factories	factory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | Industrialisation | Britain |  | farms |  | to factories | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
During industrialisation, many children worked long hours in mills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:x2:1
# text = During industrialisation, many children worked long hours in mills.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	mills	mill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | past | many children |  |  |  | during industrialisation; hour | in mills | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in mill=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Industrialisation made cities grow very fast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:x3:1
# text = Industrialisation made cities grow very fast.
1	Industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **grow** | present | Industrialisation made cities |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoke from industrialisation polluted the air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:x4:1
# text = Smoke from industrialisation polluted the air.
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	polluted	pollute	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pollute** | past | Smoke from industrialisation | the air |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Railways spread across the country during industrialisation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:x5:1
# text = Railways spread across the country during industrialisation.
1	Railways	railway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	across	across	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | Railways |  |  | the country | during industrialisation |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme across country=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
China went through rapid industrialisation in recent decades.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:industrialisation:x6:1
# text = China went through rapid industrialisation in recent decades.
1	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	rapid	rapid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	industrialisation	industrialisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	decades	decade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | China |  |  | rapid industrialisation | decade |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through industrialisation=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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