---
title: infusion — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «infusion» in the school dictionary: A drink made by soaking leaves, flowers or fruit in hot water, like herbal tea. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# infusion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Grandma, We, nurse, new players, school · **What happens:** make, soak, put, add, bring, drink · **To what, where:** drink, leaves, liquid, vein, something, energy

<!-- .vabout -->
«infusion» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [infusion in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/infusion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A drink made by soaking leaves, flowers or fruit in hot water, like herbal tea.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:m1:1
# text = A drink made by soaking leaves, flowers or fruit in hot water, like herbal tea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	soaking	soak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	herbal	herbal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	tea	tea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a drink *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **soak** | gerund |  | leaves and flowers or fruit |  |  |  | like herbal tea; in hot water | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent leaf=Destination in water=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Putting a liquid such as medicine or fluid slowly into a vein through a tube (a drip).

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:m2:1
# text = Putting a liquid such as medicine or fluid slowly into a vein through a tube (a drip).
1	Putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	6	case	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	fluid	fluid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	vein	vein	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
13	through	through	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	drip	drip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | gerund |  | a liquid |  | a vein |  | such medicine or fluid; through a tube; slowly *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent liquid=Theme through tube=Destination |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Adding something new that brings energy or change: an infusion of money, an infusion of new ideas.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:m3:1
# text = Adding something new that brings energy or change: an infusion of money, an infusion of new ideas.
1	Adding	add	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	csubj	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 2 | **bring** | present |  | energy or change |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent energy=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma drinks a camomile infusion before bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:x1:1
# text = Grandma drinks a camomile infusion before bed.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drinks	drink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	camomile	camomile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	before	before	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | present | Grandma | a camomile infusion |  |  | before bed |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent infusion=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We made an infusion of red cabbage to test acids and alkalis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:x2:1
# text = We made an infusion of red cabbage to test acids and alkalis.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cabbage	cabbage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	test	test	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
10	acids	acid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	alkalis	alkali	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | We | a infusion of red cabbage |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent infusion=Product |
| 2 | **test** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | acids and alkalis |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acid=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse gave him an infusion of fluids through a drip.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:x3:1
# text = The nurse gave him an infusion of fluids through a drip.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	fluids	fluid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	drip	drip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the nurse | a infusion of fluids | him *= he* | a drip |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient infusion=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The new players gave the team an infusion of energy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:x4:1
# text = The new players gave the team an infusion of energy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	iobj	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the new players | a infusion of energy | the team |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent team=Recipient infusion=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A mint infusion is made by steeping leaves in hot water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:x5:1
# text = A mint infusion is made by steeping leaves in hot water.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	mint	mint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	steeping	steep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | a mint infusion |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **steep** | gerund |  | leaves |  |  |  | in hot water | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient in water=Instrument |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The school got an infusion of money to fix the roof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:infusion:x6:1
# text = The school got an infusion of money to fix the roof.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	infusion	infusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	fix	fix	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | the school | a infusion of money |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer infusion=Stimulus |
| 2 | **fix** | to-infinitive | the school *not said here* | the roof |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent roof=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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