---
title: ingrown — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ingrown» in the school dictionary: Grown into the skin instead of out of it, which can hurt and become infected. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/ingrown/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [I](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/) / ingrown

# ingrown

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, toenail, you, Tight shoes, doctor, ingrown hair · **What happens:** grow, hurt, become, have, cut, stop · **To what, where:** skin, ingrown toenail, toenails, ingrown toenails, small red bump

<!-- .vabout -->
«ingrown» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ingrown in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ingrown.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of a toenail or hair — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grown into the skin instead of out of it, which can hurt and become infected.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ingrown:m1:1
# text = Grown into the skin instead of out of it, which can hurt and become infected.
1	Grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	instead	instead	ADV	RB	_	9	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	parataxis	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
16	infected	infected	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | into the skin *result*; instead skin | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into skin=Result |
| 2 | **hurt** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **become** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | infected *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have an ingrown toenail, and it hurts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ingrown:x1:1
# text = I have an ingrown toenail, and it hurts.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	ingrown	ingrown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	toenail	toenail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hurts	hurt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I | a ingrown toenail |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toenail=Patient |
| 2 | **hurt** | present | toenail |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cut your toenails straight across to stop them becoming ingrown.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ingrown:x2:1
# text = Cut your toenails straight across to stop them becoming ingrown.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	toenails	toenail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	across	across	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	becoming	become	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
10	ingrown	ingrown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | imperative | you *not said here* | your toenails |  |  |  | across *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset toenail=Product |
| 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | toenails *= toenail* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | ingrown *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tight shoes can cause ingrown toenails.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ingrown:x3:1
# text = Tight shoes can cause ingrown toenails.
1	Tight	tight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	ingrown	ingrown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	toenails	toenail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | Tight shoes | ingrown toenails |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition toenail=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor treated my ingrown toenail.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ingrown:x4:1
# text = The doctor treated my ingrown toenail.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	treated	treat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	ingrown	ingrown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	toenail	toenail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **treat** | past | the doctor | my ingrown toenail |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent toenail=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An ingrown hair made a small red bump.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ingrown:x5:1
# text = An ingrown hair made a small red bump.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ingrown	ingrown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bump	bump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | a ingrown hair | a small red bump |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bump=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soaking an ingrown toenail in warm water helps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ingrown:x6:1
# text = Soaking an ingrown toenail in warm water helps.
1	Soaking	soak	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	ingrown	ingrown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	toenail	toenail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **soak** | gerund |  | a ingrown toenail |  |  |  | in warm water | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent toenail=Destination in water=Theme |
| 2 | **help** | present | Soaking |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [ingress](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/ingress/)
- next →: [inhabit](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/inhabit/)
- ↑ back to [I in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/I/)