---
title: innocent — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «innocent» in the school dictionary: Not guilty: having not done the wrong thing you are blamed for. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# innocent

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** wrong thing, person, boy, puppy, It, judge · **What happens:** not do, blame, not know, trust, not mean, harm · **To what, where:** wrong thing, you, nothing, war, vase, innocent mistake · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«innocent» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [innocent in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/innocent.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not guilty: having not done the wrong thing you are blamed for.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:m1:1
# text = Not guilty: having not done the wrong thing you are blamed for.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	having	have	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	blamed	blame	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **do** | gerund · perfect |  | the wrong thing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
| 2 | **blame** | present · passive | the wrong thing *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not knowing about bad or unkind things; young and trusting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:m2:1
# text = Not knowing about bad or unkind things; young and trusting.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	knowing	know	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
9	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	trusting	trust	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | about bad things | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer about thing=Stimulus |
| 2 | **trust** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not meant to harm: «an innocent joke».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:m3:1
# text = Not meant to harm: «an innocent joke».
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	meant	mean	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	harm	harm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **mean** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **harm** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who has done nothing wrong, especially someone hurt in a war or crime.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:m4:1
# text = A person who has done nothing wrong, especially someone hurt in a war or crime.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	obj	_	_
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	appos	_	_
11	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present · perfect | a person | nothing |  |  |  | wrong *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |
| 2 | **hurt** | participle |  |  |  | a war or crime |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The boy was innocent; he didn't break the vase.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:x1:1
# text = The boy was innocent; he didn't break the vase.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the boy |  |  |  |  | innocent *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **break** | past · do-support | boy | the vase |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vase=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The puppy looked innocent next to the torn pillow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:x2:1
# text = The puppy looked innocent next to the torn pillow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	next	next	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	torn	tear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	pillow	pillow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the puppy |  |  |  |  | innocent, next *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **tear** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was an innocent mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:x3:1
# text = It was an innocent mistake.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | a innocent mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The judge said she was innocent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:x4:1
# text = The judge said she was innocent.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the judge |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | judge |  |  |  |  | innocent *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Babies are innocent and trusting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:x5:1
# text = Babies are innocent and trusting.
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	trusting	trust	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Babies |  |  |  |  | innocent *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **trust** | gerund | Babies *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't blame someone innocent to protect yourself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:x6:1
# text = Don't blame someone innocent to protect yourself.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	blame	blame	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	protect	protect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	yourself	yourself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **blame** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 2 | **protect** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | yourself |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourself=Beneficiary |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But, sire, I implore your mercy, for I am innocent."

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innocent:x7:1
# text = But, sire, I implore your mercy, for I am innocent."
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	sire	sire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	implore	implore	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	mercy	mercy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **implore** | present | I | sire |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mercy=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | present | I |  |  |  |  | innocent *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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