---
title: innovation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «innovation» in the school dictionary: Innovation is making new ideas, methods or inventions, or making changes to how things are done. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# innovation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Innovation, way, smartphone, printing press, school, us · **What happens:** make, do, be, spread, hold, help · **To what, where:** new ideas, changes, things, new idea, something, great innovation

<!-- .vabout -->
«innovation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [innovation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/innovation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Innovation is making new ideas, methods or inventions, or making changes to how things are done.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:m1:1
# text = Innovation is making new ideas, methods or inventions, or making changes to how things are done.
1	Innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	methods	method	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	inventions	invention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
13	changes	change	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	to	to	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
15	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
16	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · progressive | Innovation | new ideas and methods or inventions |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset idea=Product |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | Innovation *not said here* | changes |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset change=Product |
| 3 | **do** | present · passive |  | things |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An innovation is a new idea, invention or way of doing something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:m2:1
# text = An innovation is a new idea, invention or way of doing something.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
13	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a innovation | a new idea and invention or way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | gerund | way *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smartphone was a great innovation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:x1:1
# text = The smartphone was a great innovation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smartphone	smartphone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the smartphone | a great innovation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The printing press was an innovation that spread books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:x2:1
# text = The printing press was an innovation that spread books.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	printing	printing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	press	press	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the printing press | a innovation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spread** | past | a innovation | books |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location book=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our school held an innovation fair for inventions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:x3:1
# text = Our school held an innovation fair for inventions.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	inventions	invention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | Our school | a innovation |  |  |  | fair *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent innovation=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Innovation helps us find cleaner energy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:x4:1
# text = Innovation helps us find cleaner energy.
1	Innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	cleaner	clean	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Innovation | us |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | infinitive | us *not said here* | cleaner energy |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Velcro was an innovation inspired by burrs on a dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:x5:1
# text = Velcro was an innovation inspired by burrs on a dog.
1	Velcro	Velcro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	inspired	inspire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	burrs	burr	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Velcro | a innovation |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **inspire** | participle |  | a innovation *not said here* |  |  |  | by burrs on a dog | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company is known for innovation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:innovation:x6:1
# text = The company is known for innovation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	innovation	innovation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | present · passive |  | the company |  |  |  | for innovation | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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