---
title: insufficiency — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «insufficiency» in the school dictionary: Insufficiency means not having enough of something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# insufficiency

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Insufficiency, plan, doctor, judge · **What happens:** mean, not have, not be, fail, say, have · **To what, where:** enough, valve insufficiency, insufficiency, bones · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«insufficiency» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [insufficiency in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/insufficiency.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insufficiency means not having enough of something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:m1:1
# text = Insufficiency means not having enough of something.
1	Insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	_
5	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Insufficiency |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **have** | gerund |  | enough |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enough=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insufficiency is when a body part does not work well enough, like heart insufficiency.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:m2:1
# text = Insufficiency is when a body part does not work well enough, like heart insufficiency.
1	Insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:outer	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
11	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present · do-support | Insufficiency |  |  |  |  | like heart insufficiency; enough, well, work *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plan failed because of an insufficiency of money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:x1:1
# text = The plan failed because of an insufficiency of money.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	failed	fail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	7	case	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fail** | past | the plan |  |  |  |  | because a insufficiency of money | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor said he had a heart valve insufficiency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:x2:1
# text = The doctor said he had a heart valve insufficiency.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	valve	valve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the doctor |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | past | doctor | a valve insufficiency |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insufficiency=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There is an insufficiency of data to prove it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:x3:1
# text = There is an insufficiency of data to prove it.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	data	data	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a insufficiency of data |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **prove** | to-infinitive | a insufficiency of data *not said here* | insufficiency |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An insufficiency of water made the plants wilt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:x4:1
# text = An insufficiency of water made the plants wilt.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | a insufficiency of water |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The judge noted the insufficiency of the evidence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:x5:1
# text = The judge noted the insufficiency of the evidence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	noted	note	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **note** | past | the judge | the insufficiency of the evidence |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent insufficiency=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insufficiency of vitamin D can weaken bones.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insufficiency:x6:1
# text = Insufficiency of vitamin D can weaken bones.
1	Insufficiency	insufficiency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	vitamin	vitamin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	D	D	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	weaken	weaken	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weaken** | can | Insufficiency of vitamin D | bones |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bone=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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