---
title: insulation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «insulation» in the school dictionary: Insulation is material that stops heat, cold, sound or electricity from passing through easily. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# insulation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Insulation material, sound, Insulation, act, Loft insulation, plastic insulation · **What happens:** be, stop, pass, cover, keep, get · **To what, where:** Insulation material, heat, act, something, house, you

<!-- .vabout -->
«insulation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [insulation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/insulation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insulation is material that stops heat, cold, sound or electricity from passing through easily.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:m1:1
# text = Insulation is material that stops heat, cold, sound or electricity from passing through easily.
1	Insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
15	through	through	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Insulation material and sound or electricity |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stop** | present | Insulation material and sound or electricity | heat |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality heat=Eventuality |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **pass** | gerund | sound or electricity *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through easily=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insulation is the act of covering something with such material.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:m2:1
# text = Insulation is the act of covering something with such material.
1	Insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	covering	cover	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Insulation | the act |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cover** | gerund | the act *not said here* | something |  |  |  | with such material | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Destination with material=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Loft insulation keeps the house warm in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:x1:1
# text = Loft insulation keeps the house warm in winter.
1	Loft	loft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Loft insulation | the house |  |  | winter | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The plastic insulation on the wire stops you getting a shock.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:x2:1
# text = The plastic insulation on the wire stops you getting a shock.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	plastic	plastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	wire	wire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | the plastic insulation on the wire | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | gerund | the plastic insulation on the wire *not said here* | a shock |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shock=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Penguins have a layer of fat for insulation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:x3:1
# text = Penguins have a layer of fat for insulation.
1	Penguins	penguin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Penguins | a layer of fat for insulation |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We tested which material made the best insulation for a cup of hot water.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:x4:1
# text = We tested which material made the best insulation for a cup of hot water.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tested	test	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	4	det	_	_
4	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | past | which material | the best insulation |  |  |  | for a cup of hot water | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent insulation=Product for cup=Asset |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good insulation saves energy and money.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:x5:1
# text = Good insulation saves energy and money.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saves	save	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **save** | present | Good insulation | energy and money |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never touch a wire if its insulation is broken.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulation:x6:1
# text = Never touch a wire if its insulation is broken.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wire	wire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	insulation	insulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **touch** | imperative | you *not said here* | a wire |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wire=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **break** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | wire's insulation |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **insulate** |  | wire |  |  |  |  |  | nom insulation «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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