---
title: insulin — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «insulin» in the school dictionary: Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps the body use sugar from food for energy. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# insulin

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Insulin, pancreas, body, people, Mia, nurse · **What happens:** be, make, help, use, take, control · **To what, where:** hormone, body, sugar, food, medicine, blood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«insulin» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [insulin in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/insulin.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps the body use sugar from food for energy.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:m1:1
# text = Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps the body use sugar from food for energy.
1	Insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hormone	hormone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pancreas	pancreas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
14	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Insulin | a hormone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a hormone *not said here* |  |  |  | by the pancreas | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **help** | present | the pancreas | the body |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 4 | **use** | infinitive | the body *not said here* | sugar |  | food |  | for energy | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent sugar=Theme for energy=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insulin is also a medicine that people with diabetes take to control the sugar in their blood.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:m2:1
# text = Insulin is also a medicine that people with diabetes take to control the sugar in their blood.
1	Insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obj	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	control	control	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Insulin | a medicine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | present | people with diabetes | a medicine |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |
| 3 | **control** | to-infinitive | people with diabetes *not said here* | the sugar |  | people's blood |  |  | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insulin helps your body use sugar for energy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:x1:1
# text = Insulin helps your body use sugar for energy.
1	Insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Insulin | your body |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent body=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | infinitive | your body *not said here* | sugar |  |  |  | for energy | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent sugar=Theme for energy=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People with type 1 diabetes need insulin every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:x2:1
# text = People with type 1 diabetes need insulin every day.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	type	type	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	flat	_	_
5	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | People with type diabetes | insulin |  |  | day |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot insulin=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mia wears an insulin pump at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:x3:1
# text = Mia wears an insulin pump at school.
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wears	wear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	pump	pump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Mia | a insulin pump |  | school |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent pump=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse showed us how an insulin pen works.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:x4:1
# text = The nurse showed us how an insulin pen works.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the nurse |  | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **work** | present | a insulin pen |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pancreas makes insulin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:x5:1
# text = The pancreas makes insulin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pancreas	pancreas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the pancreas | insulin |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset insulin=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If someone with diabetes feels faint, tell an adult straight away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:insulin:x6:1
# text = If someone with diabetes feels faint, tell an adult straight away.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	nsubj	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
6	faint	faint	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | someone |  |  |  |  | faint *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | a adult |  |  | away *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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