---
title: invariable — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «invariable» in the school dictionary: Invariable means never changing; always the same. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# invariable

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Invariable, invariable word, sheep, word, value, other things · **What happens:** mean, not change, have, form, be, stay · **To what, where:** form, same singular, value, invariable habit, paper, invariable noun · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«invariable» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [invariable in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/invariable.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Invariable means never changing; always the same.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:m1:1
# text = Invariable means never changing; always the same.
1	Invariable	invariable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	8	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Invariable |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **change** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invariable word does not change its form, for example «sheep» has the same singular and plural.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:m2:1
# text = An invariable word does not change its form, for example «sheep» has the same singular and plural.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	change	change	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
15	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	singular	singular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	plural	plural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **change** | present · do-support | a invariable word | word's form |  |  |  | for example | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent form=Theme for example=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **have** | present | sheep | same singular |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent singular=Patient |
| 3 | **form** |  | word |  |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: maths, rare — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invariable or invariant is a value that stays the same when other things change.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:m3:1
# text = An invariable or invariant is a value that stays the same when other things change.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invariable	invariable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	invariant	invariant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	value	value	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
13	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	change	change	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a invariable or invariant | a value |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **stay** | present | a value |  |  |  |  | same *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **change** | present | other things |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her invariable answer was «Maybe later».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:x1:1
# text = Her invariable answer was «Maybe later».
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Maybe	maybe	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  | late, maybe *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **answer** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa had an invariable habit of reading the paper after lunch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:x2:1
# text = Grandpa had an invariable habit of reading the paper after lunch.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	habit	habit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Grandpa | a invariable habit |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent habit=Patient |
| 2 | **read** | gerund | a invariable habit *not said here* | the paper |  |  | after lunch |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rule is invariable: no phones in class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:x3:1
# text = The rule is invariable: no phones in class.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	7	det	_	_
7	phones	phone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the rule |  |  |  |  | invariable *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Sheep» is an invariable noun: one sheep, two sheep.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:x4:1
# text = «Sheep» is an invariable noun: one sheep, two sheep.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Sheep | a invariable noun |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His invariable smile cheered everyone up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:x5:1
# text = His invariable smile cheered everyone up.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cheered	cheer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	4	obj	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer up** | past | His invariable smile | everyone |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent everyone=Patient |
| 2 | **smile** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom smile «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing in nature is truly invariable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:x6:1
# text = Nothing in nature is truly invariable.
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	truly	truly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Nothing |  |  |  |  | invariable, truly *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The same devices are in almost all cases resorted to, and their effect is invariable.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invariable:x7:1
# text = The same devices are in almost all cases resorted to, and their effect is invariable.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	devices	device	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	cases	case	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	resorted	resort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	invariable	invariable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | all cases |  | almost *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **resort** | past | the same devices |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | cases's effect |  |  |  |  | invariable *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **effect** |  | cases *= case* |  |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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