---
title: invention — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «invention» in the school dictionary: An invention is a new thing or idea that someone has made or thought of for the first time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# invention

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** invention, someone, act, made story, light bulb, machine · **What happens:** be, make, think of, invent, make up, not be · **To what, where:** new thing, act, something, made story, important invention, wheel

<!-- .vabout -->
«invention» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [invention in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/invention.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invention is a new thing or idea that someone has made or thought of for the first time.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:m1:1
# text = An invention is a new thing or idea that someone has made or thought of for the first time.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	thought	think	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	19	amod	_	_
19	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a invention | a new thing or idea |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · perfect | someone |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **think of** *speech: other* | participle | someone *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Invention is the act of inventing something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:m2:1
# text = Invention is the act of inventing something.
1	Invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	inventing	invent	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Invention | the act |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **invent** | gerund | the act *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invention can also be a made-up story that is not true.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:m3:1
# text = An invention can also be a made-up story that is not true.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
10	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | can | a invention | a made story |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **is** | present | a made story |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The light bulb was an important invention.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x1:1
# text = The light bulb was an important invention.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the light bulb | a important invention |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The invention of the wheel made travel easier.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x2:1
# text = The invention of the wheel made travel easier.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	travel	travel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
8	easier	easy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **invent** |  |  | the wheel |  |  |  |  | nom invention «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My invention is a machine that walks the dog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x3:1
# text = My invention is a machine that walks the dog.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	walks	walk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My invention | a machine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **walk** | present | a machine | the dog |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Agent |
| 3 | **invent** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom invention «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The telephone was Alexander Graham Bell's invention.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x4:1
# text = The telephone was Alexander Graham Bell's invention.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	telephone	telephone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	Alexander	Alexander	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
5	Graham	Graham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
6	Bell	Bell	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the telephone | Alexander Graham Bell's invention |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His excuse was pure invention.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x5:1
# text = His excuse was pure invention.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	excuse	excuse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | His excuse | pure invention |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **excuse** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom excuse «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We entered our inventions in the science fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x6:1
# text = We entered our inventions in the science fair.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	inventions	invention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enter** | past | We | our inventions |  | the science |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme invention=Destination |
| 2 | **invent** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom invention «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The internet is one of the biggest inventions of all.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x7:1
# text = The internet is one of the biggest inventions of all.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	biggest	big	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	inventions	invention	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the internet | one |  |  |  | of the biggest inventions of all | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ah, yes; sleep is a capital invention.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invention:x8:1
# text = Ah, yes; sleep is a capital invention.
1	Ah	ah	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	capital	capital	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	invention	invention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | sleep | a capital invention |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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