---
title: invitation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «invitation» in the school dictionary: An invitation is a request, spoken or written, asking someone to come to an event like a party, wedding or meal. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# invitation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** invitation, someone, I, you, We, She · **What happens:** be, speak, write, ask, come, do · **To what, where:** request, someone, event, card, something, invitation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«invitation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [invitation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/invitation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invitation is a request, spoken or written, asking someone to come to an event like a party, wedding or meal.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:m1:1
# text = An invitation is a request, spoken or written, asking someone to come to an event like a party, wedding or meal.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
12	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	like	like	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a invitation | a request |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | a request *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | a invitation *not said here* | someone |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **come** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  | a event |  | like a party and wedding or meal | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to event=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invitation is a card or message with this request.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:m2:1
# text = An invitation is a card or message with this request.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a invitation | a card or message with this request |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invitation to do something is a request or chance to do it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:m3:1
# text = An invitation to do something is a request or chance to do it.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	chance	chance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	acl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive | a invitation *not said here* | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a invitation | a request or chance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive | a invitation *not said here* | invitation |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I got an invitation to Mia's birthday party.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x1:1
# text = I got an invitation to Mia's birthday party.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | I | a invitation |  |  |  | to Mia's birthday party | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer invitation=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please reply to the invitation by Friday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x2:1
# text = Please reply to the invitation by Friday.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	reply	reply	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Friday	Friday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | friday | to the invitation | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to invitation=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We wrote invitations for the class play.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x3:1
# text = We wrote invitations for the class play.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	invitations	invitation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | We | invitations |  |  |  | for the class play | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent invitation=Result for play=Beneficiary |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thank you for the invitation!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x4:1
# text = Thank you for the invitation!
1	Thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present |  |  | you |  |  | for the invitation | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent you=Theme for invitation=Attribute |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She accepted the invitation to speak at assembly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x5:1
# text = She accepted the invitation to speak at assembly.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	accepted	accept	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	assembly	assembly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** | past | She | the invitation |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invitation=Theme |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the invitation *not said here* |  | assembly |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The party is by invitation only.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x6:1
# text = The party is by invitation only.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the party |  |  |  |  | by invitation | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An invitation should say the date, time and place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x7:1
# text = An invitation should say the date, time and place.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	date	date	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | should | a invitation | the date and time and place |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent date=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaving the door open was an invitation to the cat to come in.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x8:1
# text = Leaving the door open was an invitation to the cat to come in.
1	Leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | gerund |  | the door |  |  |  | open *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Leaving | a invitation |  |  |  | to the cat | tree rules |
| 3 | **come in** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I accept your kind invitation with many thanks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:invitation:x9:1
# text = I accept your kind invitation with many thanks.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	accept	accept	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	thanks	thanks	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** | present | I | your kind invitation |  |  |  | with many thanks | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invitation=Theme |
| 2 | **invite** |  | your |  |  |  |  |  | nom invitation «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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