---
title: iroquoian — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «iroquoian» in the school dictionary: Iroquoian is a family of languages spoken by Native American and First Nations peoples of north-eastern North America, including Mohawk, Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Tuscarora and Cherokee. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# iroquoian

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Iroquoian, Mohawk, Cherokee, Iroquoian villages, Iroquoian farmers, schools · **What happens:** be, speak, describe, have, grow, squash · **To what, where:** family, languages, peoples, Iroquoian language, part, long wooden longhouses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«iroquoian» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [iroquoian in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/iroquoian.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Iroquoian is a family of languages spoken by Native American and First Nations peoples of north-eastern North America, including Mohawk, Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Tuscarora and Cherokee.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:m1:1
# text = Iroquoian is a family of languages spoken by Native American and First Nations peoples of north-eastern North America, including Mohawk, Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, Tuscarora and Cherokee.
1	Iroquoian	iroquoian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	Native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	First	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
13	Nations	Nation	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	compound	_	_
14	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
16	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	eastern	eastern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	including	including	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Mohawk	Mohawk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	Seneca	Seneca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	Oneida	Oneida	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	Onondaga	Onondaga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	Cayuga	Cayuga	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	Tuscarora	Tuscarora	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	Cherokee	Cherokee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Iroquoian | a family |  |  |  | of languages | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | languages *not said here* |  |  |  | by Native American and Nations peoples of eastern North America | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Iroquoian describes these peoples, their languages and their culture.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:m2:1
# text = Iroquoian describes these peoples, their languages and their culture.
1	Iroquoian	iroquoian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **describe** | present | Iroquoian | this peoples and peoples's languages and peoples's culture |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent people=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mohawk is an Iroquoian language.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:x1:1
# text = Mohawk is an Iroquoian language.
1	Mohawk	Mohawk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Iroquoian	iroquoian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mohawk | a Iroquoian language |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cherokee is also part of the Iroquoian family, though spoken further south.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:x2:1
# text = Cherokee is also part of the Iroquoian family, though spoken further south.
1	Cherokee	Cherokee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Iroquoian	iroquoian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
12	further	further	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	south	south	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Cherokee | part |  |  |  | of the Iroquoian family | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  | part *not said here* |  |  |  | south *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Iroquoian villages had long wooden longhouses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:x3:1
# text = Iroquoian villages had long wooden longhouses.
1	Iroquoian	iroquoian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	longhouses	longhous	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Iroquoian villages | long wooden longhouses |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent longhous=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Iroquoian farmers grew corn, beans and squash together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:x4:1
# text = Iroquoian farmers grew corn, beans and squash together.
1	Iroquoian	iroquoian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	corn	corn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	beans	bean	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	squash	squash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	together	together	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | Iroquoian farmers | corn and beans |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location corn=Theme |
| 2 | **squash** | infinitive | Iroquoian farmers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some schools in Canada teach Iroquoian languages to keep them alive.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:x5:1
# text = Some schools in Canada teach Iroquoian languages to keep them alive.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	teach	teach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Iroquoian	iroquoian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | some schools in Canada | Iroquoian languages |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent language=Recipient |
| 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | some schools in Canada *not said here* | languages *= language* |  |  |  | alive *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many place names in New York State come from Iroquoian words.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:iroquoian:x6:1
# text = Many place names in New York State come from Iroquoian words.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
6	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	State	State	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
8	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	Iroquoian	iroquoian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Many place names in New York |  |  | Iroquoian words |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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