---
title: irrevocable — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «irrevocable» in the school dictionary: Not able to be changed, cancelled or taken back once it is done: an irrevocable decision. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# irrevocable

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** decision, judge, choice, Cutting, king, damage · **What happens:** change, cancel, take back, do, be, decide · **To what, where:** it, letter, old tree, irrevocable mistake, irrevocable promise, irrevocable step

<!-- .vabout -->
«irrevocable» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [irrevocable in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/irrevocable.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not able to be changed, cancelled or taken back once it is done: an irrevocable decision.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:m1:1
# text = Not able to be changed, cancelled or taken back once it is done: an irrevocable decision.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	cancelled	cancel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
10	back	back	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **cancel** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **take back** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **do** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The judge's decision was irrevocable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:x1:1
# text = The judge's decision was irrevocable.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	judge	judge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the judge's decision |  |  |  |  | irrevocable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **decide** |  | the judge |  |  |  |  |  | nom decision «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once the letter was posted, the choice felt irrevocable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:x2:1
# text = Once the letter was posted, the choice felt irrevocable.
1	Once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	posted	post	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	choice	choice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **post** | past · passive |  | the letter |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **feel** | past | the choice |  |  |  |  | irrevocable *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cutting down the old tree was an irrevocable mistake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:x3:1
# text = Cutting down the old tree was an irrevocable mistake.
1	Cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	csubj	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut down** | gerund |  | the old tree |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tree=Product |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Cutting | a irrevocable mistake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king made an irrevocable promise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:x4:1
# text = The king made an irrevocable promise.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the king | a irrevocable promise |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some damage to nature is irrevocable.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:x5:1
# text = Some damage to nature is irrevocable.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	acl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | some damage |  |  |  |  | irrevocable *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He took the irrevocable step of leaving home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:x6:1
# text = He took the irrevocable step of leaving home.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	home	home	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | He | the irrevocable step |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Theme |
| 2 | **leave** | gerund | the irrevocable step *not said here* |  |  |  |  | home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And thus, as the word of the mighty Zeus was irrevocable, Heracles became the subject and servant of his cousin Eurystheus.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:irrevocable:x7:1
# text = And thus, as the word of the mighty Zeus was irrevocable, Heracles became the subject and servant of his cousin Eurystheus.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	Zeus	Zeus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	irrevocable	irrevocable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	Heracles	Heracles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	subject	subject	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	xcomp	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	Eurystheus	Eurystheus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the word of the mighty Zeus |  |  |  |  | irrevocable, thus *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | past | Heracles | the subject and servant of Heracles's cousin |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **word** |  |  | the mighty Zeus |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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